Novel applications of platelet concentrates in tissue regeneration (Review)

Ding, Zhenyu; Tan, Ying Xim; Peng, Qian; Zuo, Jun; Li, Ning

doi:10.3892/etm.2021.9657

Cited by 42 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 85 publications

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“…Shortly after the discovery of the role of growth factors (GFs) in wound healing and their pioneering application in pre-clinical models, autologous blood-derived GF preparations have received great attention as an alternative to recombinant human preparations for promoting wound healing and tissue regeneration [1][2][3]. Systematic reviews on the effect of GFs show greater signals from autologous blood preparations than local applications of pharmaceutical preparations [1,[4][5][6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vitro and Ex Vivo Kinetic Release Profile of Growth Factors and Cytokines from Leucocyte- and Platelet-Rich Fibrin (L-PRF) Preparations

Wang

Fok

Pelekos

et al. 2022

Cells

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L-PRF is an autologous blood-derived biomaterial (ABDB) capable of releasing biologically active agents to promote healing. Little is known about its release profile of growth factors (GFs), cytokines, and MMPs. This study reported the in vitro and ex vivo release kinetics of GFs, cytokines, and MMPs from L-PRF at 6, 24, 72, and 168 h. The in vitro release rates of PDGF, TGF-β1, EGF, FGF-2, VEGF, and MMPs decreased over time with different rates, while those of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, IL-8, and IL-10 were low at 6 h and then increased rapidly for up to 24 h and subsequently decreased. Of note, the release rates of the GFs followed first-order kinetics both in vitro and ex vivo. Higher rates of release were found ex vivo, suggesting that significant amounts of GFs were produced by the local cells within the wound. In addition, the half-life times of GFs locally produced in the wound, including PDGF-AA, PDGF-AB/BB, and VEGF, were significantly extended (p < 0.05). This work demonstrates that L-PRF can sustain the release of GFs and cytokines for up to 7 days, and it shows that the former can activate cells to produce additional mediators and amplify the communication network for optimizing the wound environment, thereby enhancing healing.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vitro and Ex Vivo Kinetic Release Profile of Growth Factors and Cytokines from Leucocyte- and Platelet-Rich Fibrin (L-PRF) Preparations

Wang

Fok

Pelekos

et al. 2022

Cells

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“…The CGF, as a fibrin scaffold, is considered a reservoir of natural growth factors, which can be released gradually over a period of time and play a crucial role in hard and soft tissue repair [32].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Angiogenic Properties of Concentrated Growth Factors (CGFs): The Role of Soluble Factors and Cellular Components

et al. 2021

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Blood-derived concentrated growth factors (CGFs) represent a novel autologous biomaterial with promising applications in regenerative medicine. Angiogenesis is a key factor in tissue regeneration, but the role played by CGFs in vessel formation is not clear. The purpose of this study was to characterize the angiogenic properties of CGFs by evaluating the effects of its soluble factors and cellular components on the neovascularization in an in vitro model of angiogenesis. CGF clots were cultured for 14 days in cell culture medium; after that, CGF-conditioned medium (CGF-CM) was collected, and soluble factors and cellular components were separated and characterized. CGF-soluble factors, such as growth factors (VEGF and TGF-β1) and matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-2 and -9), were assessed by ELISA. Angiogenic properties of CGF-soluble factors were analyzed by stimulating human cultured endothelial cells with increasing concentrations (1%, 5%, 10%, or 20%) of CGF-CM, and their effect on cell migration and tubule-like formation was assessed by wound healing and Matrigel assay, respectively. The expression of endothelial angiogenic mediators was determined using qRT-PCR and ELISA assays. CGF-derived cells were characterized by immunostaining, qRT-PCR and Matrigel assay. We found that CGF-CM, consisting of essential pro-angiogenic factors, such as VEGF, TGF-β1, MMP-9, and MMP-2, promoted endothelial cell migration; tubule structure formation; and endothelial expression of multiple angiogenic mediators, including growth factors, chemokines, and metalloproteinases. Moreover, we discovered that CGF-derived cells exhibited features such as endothelial progenitor cells, since they expressed the CD34 stem cell marker and endothelial markers and participated in the neo-angiogenic process. In conclusion, our results suggest that CGFs are able to promote endothelial angiogenesis through their soluble and cellular components and that CGFs can be used as a biomaterial for therapeutic vasculogenesis in the field of tissue regeneration.

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“…Platelet has a long history of clinical use for patients with thrombocytopenia and bleeding disorders to restore hemostasis and enhance tissue repair [ 24 , 25 ]. Purified platelets and PRP are tissue regenerative agents; injections of a concentration of a patient’s own platelets can accelerate the healing of injured tendons, ligaments, muscles and joints [ 17 , 24 , 26 , 27 , 28 ]. In GI tissue repair, PRP exerts beneficial effects in intestinal anastomosis animal models [ 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

P-Selectin is a Critical Factor for Platelet-Mediated Protection on Restraint Stress-Induced Gastrointestinal Injury in Mice

Pethaperumal

Hung

Lien

et al. 2022

IJMS

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Psychological stress is associated with increased risk of gastrointestinal (GI) tract diseases. Evidence indicated that platelets facilitate GI tissue repair in intestinal anastomosis models. However, whether platelets are involved in native mechanism of the rescue of stress-induced GI injury for maintaining the GI homeostasis remains elusive. Because P-selectin-deficient (Selp−/−) mice displayed higher stress-induced GI injury compared to the wild-type (Selp+/+) mice, and P-selectin is specifically expressed in platelets, we hypothesize that P-selectin-expressing platelets play a protective role in the rescue of stress-induced GI injury. Our goal is to clarify the putative protective role of platelets in a GI system, thereby develop a feasible intervention strategy, such as platelet transfer, to overcome stress-induced GI injury. Through monitoring the plasma levels of GI-nonabsorbable Evans blue dye to reveal the progression course of GI injury in live mice, we found that intravenous treatments of purified platelets ameliorated stress-induced GI leakage. The transfer of platelets from wild-type mice was more potent than from Selp−/− mice in the rescue of stress-induced-GI leakage in the recipients. As such, platelet transfer-mediated rescue was conducted in a P-selectin dependent manner. Additionally, platelet-mediated protection is associated with corrections of stress-induced aberrant GI mRNA expressions, including tight junctions claudin 3 and occludin, as well as stress-induced genes activating transcription factor 3 and AMP-activated protein kinase, after the transfer of wild-type platelets into wild-type and Selp−/− mice. Furthermore, the stress-induced apoptosis of CD326+ GI epithelial cells was rescued by the transfer of wild type, but not P-selectin-deficient platelets. These results suggest that platelet plays a protective role for maintaining the GI homeostasis during stress in vivo, and that P-selectin is a molecular target for managing stress-induced GI tract injury.

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Novel applications of platelet concentrates in tissue regeneration (Review)

Cited by 42 publications

References 85 publications

In Vitro and Ex Vivo Kinetic Release Profile of Growth Factors and Cytokines from Leucocyte- and Platelet-Rich Fibrin (L-PRF) Preparations

In Vitro and Ex Vivo Kinetic Release Profile of Growth Factors and Cytokines from Leucocyte- and Platelet-Rich Fibrin (L-PRF) Preparations

Angiogenic Properties of Concentrated Growth Factors (CGFs): The Role of Soluble Factors and Cellular Components

P-Selectin is a Critical Factor for Platelet-Mediated Protection on Restraint Stress-Induced Gastrointestinal Injury in Mice

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