Novel approach for the determination of zirconium by solid-phase spectrophotometry

Abstract

Solid-phase spectrophotometry was applied to determine trace amounts of zirconium(IV) in water, soil, plant materials and ore samples. Zr(VI) was sorbed in a dextran type lipophilic gel as a complex with 2-(2-benzothiazolylazo)-3-hydroxyphenol (BTAHP). Resin phase absorbances at 569 and 800 nm were measured directly, which allowed the determination of Zr in the range of 0.25-3.7 μg L −1 with an RSD of 1.06%. The influences of analytical parameters including pH, amounts of BTAHP, and sample volume were investigated. The molar absorptivities were found to be 1.08 × 10 5 , 6.38 × 10 6 , and 1.97 × 10 7 L mol −1 cm −1 for 100, 500, and 1000 mL, respectively. The LOD and LOQ of the 500 mL sample method were 150 and 470 ng L −1 , respectively, when using 40 mg dextran type lipophilic gel. For a 1000 mL sample, the LOD and LOQ were 80 and 240 ng L −1 , respectively. Increasing the sample volume enhanced the sensitivity. No considerable interferences were observed from other investigated anions and cations on the Zr(IV) determination.

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“…The ion fluoride concentration in bottled water The developed method is an alternative to the Zr determination by the, UV/Vis, AAS or ICP. Detection limit values are similar to the work done by, UV/Vis, AAS or ICP (Shariati and Yamini 2006, Zaporozhets and Ye Tsyukalo 2007, Afzali et al 2014, Amin 2015. Also, the developed method is an alternative to the fluoride determination by the ion chromatography, spectrophotometry or ions elective electrodes because there are used only a conventional equipment (HPLC), not require derivization and detection limit is sufficient (Gleisner et al 2011, Wejnerowska et al 2007, Tokalioglu et al 2001, Musijowsk et al 2010, Koblar et al 2012, Marques and Coelho 2013.…”

Zirconium in modern analytical chemistry

“…Some authors proposed to concentrate zirconium from solutions on a Sephadex LX-20 dextran gel as a complex with 2-(2-benzothiazolylazo)-3-hydroxyphenol (BTAHP) (Amin 2014). The technique is characterized by a rather low detection limit of up to 0.08 μg•l −1 , while a high mass excess of foreign ions does not interfere: alkaline and alkaline earth elements -2500-6000-fold (excluding cesium-300-fold); transition metals -250-1250fold; and rare-earth -200-fold.…”

Method to Eliminate Fluoride Interference in the Spectrophotometric Estimation of Zirconium: Application to U–Zr Alloys

“…Spectrophotometric detection is now ubiquitous in analytical protocols for the analysis of Zr due to its low cost, fast measurements, and selectivity even in the presence of interfering ions. [36][37][38][39] For this purpose, different complexing agents such as alizarin red S, pyrocatechol violet, arsenazo III, tetrahydroxyazon SC, DMSH, hydroxyl coumarin, mordant blue, and xylenol orange have been used for the spectrophotometric detection of Zr in various samples. [35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44] For an analytical chemist, the selection of the complexing agent is always a perplexity as there are always interfering ions and no complexing agent is selective to Zr.…”

“…[36][37][38][39] For this purpose, different complexing agents such as alizarin red S, pyrocatechol violet, arsenazo III, tetrahydroxyazon SC, DMSH, hydroxyl coumarin, mordant blue, and xylenol orange have been used for the spectrophotometric detection of Zr in various samples. [35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44] For an analytical chemist, the selection of the complexing agent is always a perplexity as there are always interfering ions and no complexing agent is selective to Zr. The presence of fluoride ion is another analytical hindrance in Zr estimation by spectrophotometric technique and it is unresolved till date.…”