Novel approach of phosphate-reclamation as struvite from sewage sludge by utilising hydrothermal carbonization

Becker, Gero C.; Wüst, Dominik; Köhler, Hermann; Lautenbach, A.; Kruse, Andrea

doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.02.121

Cited by 123 publications

(99 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…However, the presented high phosphate extraction rates are only obtained by optimized inputs linked to high process costs, especially in the case of acid and base additions. It needs to be questioned how high the extraction rates really need to be to meet legislative requirements for the use of the process liquid as organic fertilizer, on one hand, and maintaining overall profitability on the other. Moreover, little information is found in literature regarding the quality, value, and demand for recycled nutrients in general .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…But as many sludges also contain metal salts, phosphorus is predominantly bound in the hydrochar and cannot be recovered by HTC alone. In further steps, P can thus be separated from the solid phase by acidic leaching and recovered as struvite by precipitation …”

Section: Potential Developments In Closing Of Materials Cyclesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another product of HTC is the process liquid, which contains large amounts of organic acids and ammonium, and depending on the digestate composition it may also be rich in phosphorus. 185,186 The suitability of P extraction exclusively from the liquid phase requires further research. But as many sludges also contain metal salts, phosphorus is predominantly bound in the hydrochar and cannot be recovered by HTC alone.…”

Section: Benefits Of Hydrothermal Carbonization Of Digestatementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In further steps, P can thus be separated from the solid phase by acidic leaching and recovered as struvite by precipitation. 185 In the beginning, citric acid is added to the hydrochar to initiate phosphorus leaching at a pH of 2-5. 185,187 The acidic sludge is filtered and the permeate is precipitated in a further reactor where the struvite precipitation takes place.…”

Section: Benefits Of Hydrothermal Carbonization Of Digestatementioning

confidence: 99%

“…185 In the beginning, citric acid is added to the hydrochar to initiate phosphorus leaching at a pH of 2-5. 185,187 The acidic sludge is filtered and the permeate is precipitated in a further reactor where the struvite precipitation takes place. The retained material, which still contains considerable amounts of P, is used again in the process of acid leaching.…”

Section: Benefits Of Hydrothermal Carbonization Of Digestatementioning

confidence: 99%

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The replacement of maize (Zea mays L.) by cup plant (Silphium perfoliatum L.) as biogas substrate and its implications for the energy and material flows of a large biogas plant

Cossel

Amarysti

Wilhelm

et al. 2020

Biofuels Bioprod Bioref

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Excessive cultivation of maize (Zea mays L.) as a biogas substrate has fired debate about potential land‐use change effects of bioenergy cropping systems. Cup plant ( Silphium perfoliatum L.) is a perennial biogas crop that provides more environmental services than maize. This study investigated (i) how to replace maize with cup plant as a biogas substrate in a large‐scale biogas plant located in southwest Germany, and (ii) how to optimize the energy and material cycles of such a biogas plant given the new feedstock. The biogas plant produces 1000 m3 biogas per hour with plans for it to be combined with a large dairy farm (1000 dairy units). It was found that the substitution of maize with cup plant as a biogas substrate results in a methane yield reduction of 10% to 20% due to lower biomass yields. However, there exists a strong potential to increase both biomass yields and biogas substrate quality of cup plant by optimizing establishment procedures and better genotypes. Furthermore, cup plant provides food and shelter for open land animals, including birds and insects, and could hence be a suitable alternative to maize for large biogas plants, being more environmentally beneficial. Extracting proteins from cup‐plant biomass could also help replace soy with locally produced protein for feeding cattle. Hydrothermal carbonization is a promising tool for closing nutrient cycles and for extracting phosphate from digestate, but more research is needed before it can be put into practice. © 2020 The Authors. Biofuels, Bioproducts and Biorefining published by Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Potential Developments In Closing Of Materials Cyclesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Benefits Of Hydrothermal Carbonization Of Digestatementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Benefits Of Hydrothermal Carbonization Of Digestatementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Benefits Of Hydrothermal Carbonization Of Digestatementioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

The replacement of maize (Zea mays L.) by cup plant (Silphium perfoliatum L.) as biogas substrate and its implications for the energy and material flows of a large biogas plant

Cossel

Amarysti

Wilhelm

et al. 2020

Biofuels Bioprod Bioref

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Phosphorus recovery from hydrothermal carbonization of organic waste: a review

Khalaf

Leahy

Kwapiński

2023

J of Chemical Tech & Biotech

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BackgroundThis review sheds light on the topic of phosphorus (P) recovery from hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) of organic waste. The paper focuses on the rising need for securing alternative P sources for the increasing demand, in addition to the development of HTC as a thermochemical technique for waste valorization.ResultsThis article studies the definition of P‐recovery from HTC, while introducing the notion of availability, which is a significant factor for studying the efficiency of P‐recovery. A brief comparison between different treatment techniques for P‐recovery from waste streams is presented, and the advantages of HTC are highlighted among different thermochemical techniques. Furthermore, the mechanisms of P‐transformation during HTC reactions are studied, and the effect of various parameters on P‐destination and recovery is emphasized. Finally, applications of P‐recovery from HTC products on the laboratory and industrial scales are studied to assess the feasibility of the application.ConclusionIn short, the paper offers a detailed insight into the definition, mechanism, and potential feasibility of P‐recovery from HTC of organic wastes within the scopes of resource management, waste valorization, and fertilizer production. Even though HTC for P‐recovery from organic waste has been applied on laboratory and industrial scales, several challenges persist towards optimizing this process. The paper concludes that adopting P‐availability as a criterion for efficiency is necessary to optimize HTC conditions for P‐recovery. Further studies on P‐transformation during later‐stage reactions of HTC are recommended, as well. © 2023 The Authors. Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).

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Phosphorus fertiliser equivalent value of dairy processing sludge‐derived STRUBIAS products using ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) and spring wheat (Triticum aestivum)

Shi,

Fenton,

Ashekuzzaman

et al. 2023

J. Plant Nutr. Soil Sci.

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BackgroundStruvite, biochar and ash products (collectively known as STRUBIAS) derived from different waste streams are used as fertilisers in agriculture. Raw dairy processing sludge (DPS) shows promise as bio‐based fertilisers, but secondary STRUBIAS‐derived products need further testing as fertilisers.AimsThe objective of this study was to calculate the phosphorus mineral fertiliser equivalency (P‐MFE) for some STRUBIAS products derived from DPS.MethodsRyegrass (Lolium perenne L.) and wheat (Triticum aestivum) pot trials were used to determine the P‐MFE using the apparent P recovery (APR) method for Fe‐DPS and DPS‐derived struvites (Struvite 1–4), hydrochars (HC1–3) and ash.ResultsThe tested STRUBIAS products can be divided into two groups: (1) a range of products that can (i.e. Struvite 1–3) and (2) cannot (i.e. Struvite 4, HC1–3, ash and Fe‐DPS) be considered fertilisers. In the first group, the P‐MFE ranged from 66.8% to 76.7% for ryegrass and from 77.9% to 93.5% for spring wheat grain. In the second group, the P‐MFE ranged from 7.8% to 58.3% for ryegrass and from −34.5% to −151.3% for spring wheat grain. The negative agronomic effects of some products for wheat grain (struvite and HC) in this study were mainly caused by high Fe content, which could be overcome by improved treatment processes.ConclusionsFuture policy and research must be aware that not all the DPS‐derived STRUBIAS products are suitable as fertilisers and therefore need to be tested individually.

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Novel approach of phosphate-reclamation as struvite from sewage sludge by utilising hydrothermal carbonization

Cited by 123 publications

References 31 publications

The replacement of maize (Zea mays L.) by cup plant (Silphium perfoliatum L.) as biogas substrate and its implications for the energy and material flows of a large biogas plant

The replacement of maize (Zea mays L.) by cup plant (Silphium perfoliatum L.) as biogas substrate and its implications for the energy and material flows of a large biogas plant

Phosphorus recovery from hydrothermal carbonization of organic waste: a review

Phosphorus fertiliser equivalent value of dairy processing sludge‐derived STRUBIAS products using ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) and spring wheat (Triticum aestivum)

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