Novel approach of the graphene nanolubricant for energy saving via anti-friction/wear in automobile engines

Ali, Mohamed Kamal Ahmed; Hou, Xiaofan; Abdelkareem, Mohamed A. A.; Gulzar, Mubashir; Elsheikh, Ammar H.

doi:10.1016/j.triboint.2018.04.004

Cited by 180 publications

(89 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…In recent years, nanotechnology has been introduced in the development of numerous applications due to the physical and chemical properties of the nanomaterials being quite different from those of the bulk materials [3,4]. Recently several articles 2 of 22 showed that the addition of nanoparticles (NPs) to current lubricants of mechanical elements can considerably reduce both friction and wear [4][5][6][7]. The main advantages of using NPs as additives with respect to other materials are due the higher capabilities to reduce friction and wear and even to repair the worn surface.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tribological Behavior of Nanolubricants Based on Coated Magnetic Nanoparticles and Trimethylolpropane Trioleate Base Oil

et al. 2020

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The main task of this work is to study the tribological performance of nanolubricants formed by trimethylolpropane trioleate (TMPTO) base oil with magnetic nanoparticles coated with oleic acid: Fe3O4 of two sizes 6.3 nm and 10 nm, and Nd alloy compound of 19 nm. Coated nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized via chemical co-precipitation or thermal decomposition by adsorption with oleic acid in the same step. Three nanodispersions of TMPTO of 0.015 wt% of each NP were prepared, which were stable for at least 11 months. Two different types of tribological tests were carried out: pure sliding conditions and rolling conditions (5% slide to roll ratio). With the aim of analyzing the wear by means of the wear scar diameter (WSD), the wear track depth and the volume of the wear track produced after the first type of the tribological tests, a 3D optical profiler was used. The best tribological performance was found for the Nd alloy compound nanodispersion, with reductions of 29% and 67% in friction and WSD, respectively, in comparison with TMPTO. On the other hand, rolling conditions tests were utilized to study friction and film thickness of nanolubricants, determining that Fe3O4 (6.3 nm) nanolubricant reduces friction in comparison to TMPTO.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tribological Behavior of Nanolubricants Based on Coated Magnetic Nanoparticles and Trimethylolpropane Trioleate Base Oil

et al. 2020

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“…The current cases of energy harvesting, converting otherwise lost energy into a usable form, do not refer to the whole vehicle, but rather to parts of it . Vehicle energy loss harvesting technology has a positive significance to the development of the current automotive industry, by improving vehicle energy efficiency, fuel economy, etc Energy harvesting technology is widely used in the collection of solar, wind, hydro, thermal, and mechanical energy . In the automotive industry, emitted heat, braking energy, and vibration energy are the main targets of energy harvesting technology …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis and application of the piezoelectric energy harvester on light electric logistics vehicle suspension systems

Zhao

Wang

Shi

et al. 2019

Energy Science & Engineering

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Vehicles are subject to a variety of road unevenness and random road excitations that potentially cause the vehicle to undergo a significant amount of energy dissipation, while compromising energy efficiency. This paper focuses on designing a novel piezoelectric energy harvester and aims to assess the energy harvesting potential, from the vehicle suspension, under random and pulse road excitations. To describe the energy harvesting process, a dual‐mass suspension system vibration model of a light electric logistics vehicle, equipped with a piezoelectric energy harvester, is developed. Various parameters, such as driving speed, ratio of the moment arms of the lever, and piezoelectric material cross‐sectional area, are included in the model, for basic harvesting energy. The root mean square (RMS) value of harvested power, in the case of random road, is up to 18.83 W, while the maximum respective value, in the case of pulse road, is 102.24 W and is obtained at 30 km/h. The harvested electricity is very valuable and useful, as it can be used to power automotive electrical equipment. The results of this paper provide an important reference frame for future research, related to energy harvesting from vehicle suspension.

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“…In particular, Zhao et al [67] report the preparation of mildly thermally reduced graphene oxide at 700 • C for 5 h, which shows an optimal concentration of 0.5 wt%, beyond which additive aggregation under lubrication conditions highly occurs, leading to a reduced permeation of the as-obtained rGO aggregates into the rubbing surfaces. This agglomeration phenomenon at higher concentrations also occurs with chemically modified rGO [68] and surfactant-stabilized graphene nanosheets [70]: beyond the optimum concentration value, the higher the sheets aggregation (which could be caused by additive instability in oil), the more likely that the uninterrupted supply to metal surfaces could be not provided. In addition, aggregation can also start at the concentration at which lubricating surfaces become saturated with additive nanosheets [70].…”

Section: Optimum Concentrationmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…This agglomeration phenomenon at higher concentrations also occurs with chemically modified rGO [68] and surfactant-stabilized graphene nanosheets [70]: beyond the optimum concentration value, the higher the sheets aggregation (which could be caused by additive instability in oil), the more likely that the uninterrupted supply to metal surfaces could be not provided. In addition, aggregation can also start at the concentration at which lubricating surfaces become saturated with additive nanosheets [70]. In [68], the optimum concentration of the synthesized functionalized reduced graphene in base oil is 0.01 wt%, and the authors clearly explain the reason to choose this optimum amount, since: (1) at lower concentrations (0.005 wt%), rGO can easily disperse, though, due to the shortage of additive, the additive sheets cannot cover the whole metal surfaces with their protective film; (2) at higher concentration (0.015 wt%), the excess sheets will act as debris, producing abrasive-like wear.…”

Section: Optimum Concentrationmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…As previously mentioned, a parallel strategy to enhance additive stability in oil is the usage of dispersants/surfactants [69,70]. For instance, Ota et al [69] mixed pristine graphite with a polyisobutylene succinimide dispersant in hydrocarbon media, followed by mechanical exfoliation to obtain a one year-stable dispersion of graphene.…”

Section: Rgo/go Suspension Stabilization Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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rGO/GO Nanosheets in Tribology: From the State of the Art to the Future Prospective

et al. 2020

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In the last few decades, in the lubricant industry, the request for new performing additives has been becoming imperative. In this scenario, control at the nanoscale can be the key factor for the improvement of more efficient nanolubricants. Herein, after a discussion about the nanoparticles’ four main lubrication mechanisms, considerable attention is devoted to the usage of reduced graphene oxide/graphene oxide (rGO/GO) nanosheets in tribology. Moreover, graphene surface functionalization is reviewed, also including unexplored results in the field of lubrication. As far as the literature is concerned, it can be postulated that rGO/GO nanosheets can reduce wear and friction. Wear reduction is obtained by deposition and film formation, while friction reduction is related more to the shear and lamination of the sheets on the contacting surfaces. Nevertheless, the two phenomena are interrelated and work in sync. In this context, it is of high importance to form a homogenous suspension for a continuous nanosheet supply after deposition and shearing. The focus of this review was placed on the main issues still to be overcome, e.g., the literature results in rationalization; dispersion stability enhancement; and finding the optimum concentration in the delicate balance of different components. Possible solutions for their efficient overcoming are eventually reported.

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Novel approach of the graphene nanolubricant for energy saving via anti-friction/wear in automobile engines

Cited by 180 publications

References 48 publications

Tribological Behavior of Nanolubricants Based on Coated Magnetic Nanoparticles and Trimethylolpropane Trioleate Base Oil

Tribological Behavior of Nanolubricants Based on Coated Magnetic Nanoparticles and Trimethylolpropane Trioleate Base Oil

Analysis and application of the piezoelectric energy harvester on light electric logistics vehicle suspension systems

rGO/GO Nanosheets in Tribology: From the State of the Art to the Future Prospective

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