“…Interest in expanding this research to clinical translational applications is based upon concerns that long‐term treatment of PD with levodopa often leads to end‐of‐dose and/or tachyphylactic exacerbation of signs and symptoms, and can evoke significant side effects, such as dyskinesia (Shulman, Taback, Bean, & Weiner, ). These deleterious effects have prompted the search for agents that might be useful in the prevention and treatment of PD, inclusive of other pharmacological approaches (Carradori & Silvestri, ; Huleatt et al, ), the use of low dose radiation (El‐Ghazaly, Sadik, Rashed, & Abd‐El‐Fattah, ; Kojima et al,) and herbal extracts, many of which are constituents of traditional Asian pharmacopeia (Zhang et al, ). Several candidate agents have been screened using in vitro models (e.g., PC‐12, SH‐SY5Y, and MN9 cells) that mimic key features of PD when exposed to agents such as 6‐OHDA, MPTP, rotenone, and paraquat.…”