Novel aspects of postprandial lipemia in relation to atherosclerosis

Alipour, Arash; Elte, J.W.F.; Zaanen, H.C.T. van; Rietveld, A.P.; Cabezas, Manuel Castro

doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosissup.2008.05.007

Cited by 86 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…Ultimately, dyslipidaemia could result in coronary heart disease, supporting the fact that the MS and its underlying factors are the most important risk factors for myocardial infarction 13,18. The lower cholesterol values in AC men compared to PC men were positively associated with CIMTf, which is difficult to explain, as this clearly contradicts literature regarding the role of cholesterol and development of sub-clinical atherosclerosis11,13,16-18,28 Clearly, more research is needed on this topic.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coping and metabolic syndrome indicators in urban black South African men

Plessis¹,

Malan²,

Malan³

2010

CardioVascular Journal of Africa

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SummaryUrbanisation is associated with obesity, hypertension and development of the metabolic syndrome (MS). We aimed to assess the use of different coping styles and their influence on increases in MS indicators and target end-organ damage (TOD) in urban black African men. A sample of 53 men was classified as clear high active (AC, n = 30) or passive coping (PC, n = 23) responders, using the Amirkhan African validated coping style indicator. Blood pressure (BP) was recorded with an aneroid sphygmomanometer and waist circumference (WC) was determined. Carotid intima–media thickness (CIMT) and microalbuminuria were analysed to determine TOD.Fasting serum and eight-hour urine samples revealed elevated MS indicators in AC men. Strong associations existed between MS indicators and TOD in AC but not PC men. To conclude, only BP and seeking social support were positively associated with TOD in urban PC African men, while in urban AC African men, most MS indicators were positively associated with TOD, i.e. sub-clinical atherosclerosis and renal impairment.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coping and metabolic syndrome indicators in urban black South African men

Plessis¹,

Malan²,

Malan³

2010

CardioVascular Journal of Africa

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“…Postprandial hyperlipidemia or raised plasma remnant lipoprotein levels have also been linked with increased carotid artery intima thickness in humans [18,19] and in a rabbit model of hereditary postprandial hypertriglyceridemia [20]. Furthermore, delayed clearance of TRLs has been linked with atherosclerosis progression in a number of studies [12,[21][22][23] and in two recent large scale prospective trials, non fasting plasma TG levels were found to be related to the incidence of cardiovascular events independently of other risk factors [24,25].…”

Section: Postprandial Hyperlipidemia As a Risk Factor For Atherosclermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thirty years ago, it was first proposed by Zilversmit [11] that postprandial lipemia may play a role in atherogenesis, and there is now a great deal of evidence from epidemiological, clinical and experimental studies to support the idea that postprandial hyperlipidemia is an important risk factor for atherosclerosis and the progression of cardiovascular disease [12][13][14][15]. Nakajima and colleagues have reported that the majority of sudden cardiac deaths in a Japanese cohort of patients were associated with postprandial hyperlipidemia [16] and that plasma remnant lipoprotein levels were the major pathological factor involved [17].…”

Section: Postprandial Hyperlipidemia As a Risk Factor For Atherosclermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Current evidence suggests that postprandial lipoproteins may be involved in promoting atherosclerosis both directly, via an influence on events in the vasculature, and indirectly, by causing a more atherogenic lipoprotein profile when their levels are abnormally raised [12,14,26]. Atherosclerosis is initiated by dysfunction of the vascular endothelium followed by the formation of macrophage foam cells, generated by the scavenging of lipids from plasma lipoproteins.…”

Section: Postprandial Hyperlipidemia As a Risk Factor For Atherosclermentioning

confidence: 99%

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Postprandial Lipid Metabolism: The Missing Link Between Life-Style Habits and the Increasing Incidence of Metabolic Diseases in Western Countries?~!2009-09-30~!2010-01-26~!2010-03-30~!

Bravo¹,

Napolitano²,

Botham³

2010

TOTRANSMJ

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Postprandial lipemia is the transient increase in blood lipids which occurs after a meal containing fat and is caused by raised levels of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TRLs) in the blood. Delayed clearance of TRLs leads to postprandial hyperlipidemia, and there is now a great deal of evidence to support the idea that this condition is an important risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Western lifestyle habits including: diets low in fresh fruit and vegetables and high in fat and processed food, alcohol consumption, smoking, and lack of exercise tend to promote postprandial hyperlipidemia, and it is a characteristic feature of increasingly common metabolic diseases such as obesity, insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes which are also linked to modern lifestyle behaviour and which carry an increased risk of CVD development. Modification of lifestyle factors such as changing to a healthier diet, weight loss, reducing alcohol consumption and increasing exercise can cause significant reductions in postprandial hyperlipidemia and thus help to reduce this risk. Despite the growing recognition that the extent of postprandial lipemia is a good predictor of CVD, no standardized methodology for its measurement is currently available. Determination of blood TG levels after consumption of a standard test meal is likely to be the most convenient approach for a routine clinical test, and we propose a standard test meal which is easily adaptable for the variations in dietary habits in different countries. Greater use of postprandial lipid determination will aid in the translation of our extensive knowledge on the role of nutrition in health into national and international policy.

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“…It is now well recognised that elevated postprandial lipaemia and TRL is a characteristic metabolic abnormality of a number of lifestyle-related diseases and conditions that are associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality (10)(11)(12) . Exacerbated postprandial lipaemia has been repeatedly associated with cardiovascular risk during clinical studies (13) .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of 3-month Mediterranean-type diet on postprandial TAG and apolipoprotein B48 in the Medi-RIVAGE cohort

Defoort

Vincent-Baudry

Lairon

2011

Public Health Nutr.

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Objective: To determine the postprandial lipaemia response before and after intervention with healthy diets in the Medi-RIVAGE cohort of subjects with moderate risk factors of CVD. Design: One hundred and thirty-five adults (fifty-two men and eighty-three women) followed either a Mediterranean-type (MED) diet or a low-fat American Heart Association-type diet in a parallel design for 3 months. At entry and after 3 months, lipids, glucose and insulin were measured in the fasting samples; TAG and apolipoprotein B48 (ApoB48; a marker of intestinally derived chylomicrons) levels were measured in the fasting and postprandial samples after a standard test meal. Results: The MED diet only lowered (P , 0?028) fasting TAG and both diets reduced TAG and ApoB48 levels 5 h after the test meal. The overall 5 h postprandial ApoB48 response (area under curve (AUC)/incremental AUC) was lowered after both diets but this effect was more marked after the MED-diet intervention. Whatever the TAG level at entry, normo-and hyper TAG subjects showed a reduction in the postprandial ApoB48 levels after 3-month diets. BMI at entry did not impact the effect of diets given subjects with BMI , or .25 kg/m 2 showed reduced postprandial ApoB48. Men and women displayed comparable postprandial changes after dietary challenges. Conclusions:A MED diet appears efficient to improve postprandial lipaemia, a recently acknowledged CVD risk, in men and women at moderate cardiovascular risk.Postprandial lipaemia has received increasing attention during the past two decades (1,2) . Indeed, following a typical fat-containing meal (30-60 g fat), circulating TAG shows a marked elevation within 1-2 h and can remain elevated for 5-8 h in healthy subjects and longer in dyslipidaemic patients (3,4) . On the basis of dietary habits, it is clear that the dominant state of TAG metabolism for most humans is postprandial (1,(5)(6)(7) .The specificity of the postprandial period is a physiological transient accumulation of TAG-rich lipoprotein (TRL) particles in the circulation as provided by both the liver (very LDL) and the small intestine (chylomicrons secreted after lipid digestion and absorption) (1,8) . The capacity of individuals to regulate circulating TAG levels, that is, to secrete and clear TRL postprandially, is obviously an important reflection of their metabolic homeostasis as challenged by dietary intakes (9) .It is now well recognised that elevated postprandial lipaemia and TRL is a characteristic metabolic abnormality of a number of lifestyle-related diseases and conditions that are associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality (10)(11)(12) . Exacerbated postprandial lipaemia has been repeatedly associated with cardiovascular risk during clinical studies (13) . Moreover, recent and large epidemiological surveys have clearly evidenced the strong association between the extent of non-fasting TAG and the relative risk for cardiovascular events in men and women (14,15) .Thus, the habitual high-saturated fat, high-carbohydrate/ sug...

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Novel aspects of postprandial lipemia in relation to atherosclerosis

Cited by 86 publications

References 59 publications

Coping and metabolic syndrome indicators in urban black South African men

Coping and metabolic syndrome indicators in urban black South African men

Postprandial Lipid Metabolism: The Missing Link Between Life-Style Habits and the Increasing Incidence of Metabolic Diseases in Western Countries?~!2009-09-30~!2010-01-26~!2010-03-30~!

Effects of 3-month Mediterranean-type diet on postprandial TAG and apolipoprotein B48 in the Medi-RIVAGE cohort

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