Novel Avulaviruses in Penguins, Antarctica

Neira, Víctor; Tapia, Rodrigo; Verdugo, Claudio; Barriga, Gonzalo P.; Mor, Sunil K.; Ng, Terry Fei Fan; García, Victòria Reyes; Río, José Del; Rodrigues, Pedro; Briceño, Cristóbal; Medina, Rafael; González‐Acuña, Daniel

doi:10.3201/eid2307.170054

Cited by 29 publications

(39 citation statements)

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“…penguins in seven locations across the west side of the Antarctic Peninsula. HI assay was performed using reference strains of AAV17, AAV18 and AAV19, which were isolated and characterized in 2017 from Gentoo penguins in Kopaitic Island, Antarctic (Neira et al, ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We were not able to perform serology using these reference viruses, which could be considered a limitation of this study. In other hand, avian avulaviruses generally present cross‐reactivity between species but demonstrated low cross‐reactivity of PAVs to other avulaviruses (Neira et al, ; Wille et al, ), and then, false‐positive results are unlikely.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These viruses were officially named as Avian avulavirus 17 (AAV17), Avian avulavirus 18 (AAV18) and Avian avulavirus 19 (AAV19; Amarasinghe et al, ). There was no evidence of serum antibody cross‐reactivity among the three PAVs in experimental studies (Neira et al, ; Wille et al, ). A limited number of Gentoo penguins have been tested for antibodies against these viruses, with few positive sera (Neira et al, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…There was no evidence of serum antibody cross‐reactivity among the three PAVs in experimental studies (Neira et al, ; Wille et al, ). A limited number of Gentoo penguins have been tested for antibodies against these viruses, with few positive sera (Neira et al, ). In addition, other members of the genus Pygoscelis, Adélie penguin ( Pygoscelis adeliae ) and Chinstrap penguin ( Pygoscelis antarcticus ), cohabitate with Gentoo penguins in several locations of the Antarctic, including Kopaitic Island (Naveen & Lynch, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Three novel Avian avulaviruses (AAV) species were identified in Gentoo penguins ( Pygoscelis papua ) from Kopaitic Island, Northwestern Region of the Antarctic Peninsula, in 2017 (Neira et al, ). These viruses were officially named as Avian avulavirus 17 (AAV17), Avian avulavirus 18 (AAV18) and Avian avulavirus 19 (AAV19; Amarasinghe et al, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Novel penguin Avian avulaviruses 17, 18 and 19 are widely distributed in the Antarctic Peninsula

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Transbound Emerg Dis

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Three novel Avian avulavirus species were discovered and isolated during 2017 from Gentoo penguins (Pygoscelis papua) at Kopaitic island in the Northwestern region of the Antarctic Peninsula. The viruses were officially named as Avian avulavirus 17 (AAV17), Avian avulavirus 18 (AAV18) and Avian avulavirus 19 (AAV19), collectively referred to as penguin avulaviruses (PAVs). To determine whether these viruses are capable of infecting the three species of Pygoscelis spp. penguins (Gentoo, Adelie and Chinstrap) and assess its geographical distribution, serum samples were collected from seven locations across the Antarctic Peninsula and Southern Shetland Islands. The samples were tested by Hemagglutination inhibition assay using reference viruses for AAV17, AAV18 and AAV19. A total of 498 sera were tested, and 40 were positive for antibodies against AAV17, 20 for AAV18 and 45 for AAV19. Positive sera were obtained for the penguin's species for each virus; however, antibodies against AAV18 were not identified in Adelie penguins. Positive penguins were identified in all regions studied. Positive locations include Ardley Island and Cape Shirreff at Livingston Island (Southern Shetland Region); Anvers Island, Doumer Island and Paradise Bay in the Central Western region; and Avian Island at Southwestern region of the Antarctic Peninsula. The lowest occurrence was observed at the Southwestern region at Lagotellerie Island, where all samples were negative. On the other hand, Cape Shirreff and Paradise Bay showed the highest antibody titres. Field samples did not evidence cross‐reactivity between viruses, and detection was significantly higher for AAV19 and lower for AAV18. This is the first serologic study on the prevalence of the novel Avian avulaviruses including different locations in the white continent. The results indicate that these novel viruses can infect the three Pygoscelis spp. penguins, which extend across large distances of the Antarctic Peninsula.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%