Novel bacterial phylotypes associated with the healthy feline oral cavity and feline chronic gingivostomatitis

Dolieslager, Sanne Maria Johanna; Bennett, David; Johnston, Norman; Riggio, Marcello P.

doi:10.1016/j.rvsc.2012.11.003

Cited by 23 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Current understanding of the feline oral microbiome and what impacts its composition is limited by a lack of culture-independent studies. At a broad scale, we found a similar bacterial profile to published NGS [ 14 – 16 ] and Sanger sequencing [ 17 , 18 ] studies of the feline oral microbiome, in terms of abundance of phyla and detection of genera. Our findings were most similar to Harris and colleagues’ study [ 14 ], which also found the dominant phyla to be Firmicutes (30 %), Bacteriodetes (22 %) and Proteobacteria (17 %).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Diet may influence the oral microbiome composition in cats

et al. 2016

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BackgroundPeriodontal disease is highly prevalent amongst domestic cats, causing pain, gingival bleeding, reduced food intake, loss of teeth and possibly impacts on overall systemic health. Diet has been suggested to play a role in the development of periodontal disease in cats. There is a complete lack of information about how diet (composition and texture) affects the feline oral microbiome, the composition of which may influence oral health and the development of periodontal disease. We undertook a pilot study to assess if lifelong feeding of dry extruded kibble or wet (canned and/or fresh meat combinations) diets to cats (n = 10) with variable oral health affected the microbiome.ResultsOral microbiome composition was assessed by amplifying the V1-V3 region of the 16S gene from supragingival dental plaque DNA extracts. These amplicons were sequenced using Illumina technology. This deep sequencing revealed the feline oral microbiome to be diverse, containing 411 bacterial species from 14 phyla. We found that diet had a significant influence on the overall diversity and abundance of specific bacteria in the oral environment. Cats fed a dry diet exclusively had higher bacterial diversity in their oral microbiome than wet-food diet cats (p < 0.001). Amongst this higher diversity, cats on dry-food diets had a higher abundance of Porphyromonas spp. (p < 0.01) and Treponema spp. (p < 0.01).ConclusionsWhile we observed differences in the oral microbiome between cats on the two diets assessed, the relationship between these differences and gingival health was unclear. Our preliminary results indicate that further analysis of the influence of dietary constituents and texture on the feline oral microbiome is required to reveal the relationship between diet, the oral microbiome and gingival health in cats.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s40168-016-0169-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Diet may influence the oral microbiome composition in cats

et al. 2016

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“…These suspected pathogens can also be present in healthy animals, making it less consistent with a clear causal relationship. 81,[85][86][87][88][89][90][91][92][93][94] It is remarkable that stomatitis has been reported in around a quarter of FeL cases. 4,19,48,78,80 In this case series, the prevalence of this syndrome is similar to previous reports.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Feline leishmaniosis: diagnosis, treatment and outcome in 16 cats

Gallego¹,

Bernabé²,

Dalmau³

et al. 2020

Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery

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Objectives Leishmaniosis is a vector-borne disease and in European countries is caused by Leishmania infantum. Cats are considered secondary reservoirs of the infection in endemic areas. The objective of this retrospective study is to describe the clinical findings, diagnosis, treatment and outcome of feline leishmaniosis (FeL) in 16 cats in Spain. Methods Medical records of cats diagnosed with leishmaniosis were retrospectively reviewed for cases that met the following inclusion criteria: identification of Leishmania organisms and/or DNA on cytological and/or histological specimens and/or a high anti- Leishmania antibody titre, compatible clinical findings and pathological abnormalities. Results Sixteen cats met the inclusion criteria, all of which were living in areas endemic for canine leishmaniosis. Systemic signs were present in 11 cases (68.8%). The most common clinical signs on presentation included cutaneous lesions in 12 cats (75%), ocular disease in six cats (37.5%) and anorexia in six cats (37.5%). A polyclonal gammopathy was noted in 12 cats (85.7%). Non-regenerative anaemia and renal abnormalities were present in six (37.5%) and five patients (31.3%), respectively. In nine cats (56.3%), immunosuppressive conditions/comorbidities were identified. The diagnosis was made in eight of the cats (50%) by cytology, but a combination of diagnostic tests was needed for definitive diagnosis in the remaining patients. Twelve cats (75%) were treated specifically for leishmaniosis. Five of the 12 cats (41.7%) did not improve with treatment. The median survival time in the group of patients treated specifically for leishmaniosis was 17 months. Median survival of patients treated with concomitant diseases was 13 months vs 41 months in those without, although this was not statistically significant ( P = 0.557). Conclusions and relevance Presentation of FeL appears to be similar to canine leishmaniosis but with some specific features: ulcerative and nodular skin lesions are the predominant cutaneous signs; cats with immunosuppressive conditions or co-existing diseases were more commonly present than typically seen in dogs (mainly feline immunodeficiency virus). A combination of diagnostic tests may be needed for definitive diagnosis.

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“…Acute caudal stomatitis has been experimentally induced in germ-free cats with inoculation of FCV strains sampled from the oropharynx of cats suffering from chronic stomatitis ( 21 ). The seropositive prevalence of FCV has been reported to be higher in FCGS, with almost 100% of positive cats, than in the general population ( 7 , 14 , 17 , 19 , 22 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Relationship between Feline calicivirus Load, Oral Lesions, and Outcome in Feline Chronic Gingivostomatitis (Caudal Stomatitis): Retrospective Study in 104 Cats

Druet¹,

Hennet²

2017

Front. Vet. Sci.

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ObjectiveThis study was performed to assess the relationship between oral Feline calicivirus (FCV) load and severity of lesions at the time of presentation of cats suffering from feline chronic gingivostomatitis (FCGS) (part 1) and treatment outcome after dental extractions (part 2). We hypothesized that a higher FCV viral load would be positively correlated with the severity of lesions at presentation and negatively correlated with treatment outcome. In addition, the effect of dental extractions on outcome and the influence of preoperative severity of lesions on the outcome were investigated.Materials and methodsCats with FCGS were included in the study if they had been diagnosed with caudal stomatitis, had been tested positive for FCV using a real-time reverse transcriptase-PCR test on oropharyngeal swab, and had dental extractions performed within the authors’ department. General practitioners provided all previous medical treatments. Cats with recheck examinations were included in part 2 of the study. Multivariate statistical analysis was performed to assess the relationship between the different parameters.ResultsOne hundred four cats met the requirements for part 1 and 56 cats for part 2 of the study. Data collected from patients’ record included patient history, viral testing results, extent and severity of oral lesions, extent of teeth extraction. Signalment, history, preoperative treatment, and severity of caudal and alveolar stomatitis score were not associated with FCV load (P > 0.05). Presence of lingual ulcers was significantly correlated with FCV load (P = 0.0325). Clinical cure (32.1%) or very significant improvement (19.6%) was achieved in 51.8% of cats within 38 days. Concomitantly, 60.7% of the owners considered their cat cured (41.1%) or significantly improved (19.6%). Extent of teeth extraction was not found to influence the clinical outcome (P > 0.05).ConclusionThe results of this study did not support the hypothesis that FCV oral load is correlated with the severity of oral lesions or with the outcome following dental extractions. In addition, the severity of caudal inflammation was not correlated with healing time or achievement of cure.

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Novel bacterial phylotypes associated with the healthy feline oral cavity and feline chronic gingivostomatitis

Cited by 23 publications

References 19 publications

Diet may influence the oral microbiome composition in cats

Diet may influence the oral microbiome composition in cats

Feline leishmaniosis: diagnosis, treatment and outcome in 16 cats

Relationship between Feline calicivirus Load, Oral Lesions, and Outcome in Feline Chronic Gingivostomatitis (Caudal Stomatitis): Retrospective Study in 104 Cats

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