Novel Biotechnological Interventions in Plant Nematode Management Technologies

Khan, Mujeebur Rahman; Haque, Ziaul; Sharma, Rahul Kumar

doi:10.1007/978-981-99-2893-4_7

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 84 publications

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“…Delivery of double‐stranded RNA (dsRNA) can also be accomplished through bacteria, including Escherichia coli , 28 Bacillus subtilis 29 and Bacillus velezensis 30 . Specifically, targeting effector or parasitism genes, as well as genes essential for nematode development and reproduction, can effectively reduce survival rates 31 . Ibrahim et al 32 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing tomato disease resistance through endogenous antifungal proteins and introduced nematode‐targeting dsRNA of biocontrol agent Bacillus velezensisHS‐3

Han,

Zhu,

Liu

et al. 2024

Pest Management Science

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BACKGROUNDAs a type of biological control agents (BCAs), Bacillus velezensis possesses the efficacy of inhibiting pathogenic microorganisms, promoting plant growth, and overcoming continuous cropping obstacles (CCOs). However, there is limited reporting on the optimization of the cultivation conditions for such biocontrol agents and their role as dsRNA delivery vectors.RESULTSIn this study, a B. velezensis strain HS‐3 was isolated from the root zone of tomato plants with in vitro anti‐Botrytis cinerea activity. The investigation into active compounds revealed that HS‐3 predominantly employs proteins with molecular weights greater than 3 kDa for its antifungal activity. LC–MS/MS analysis identified various proteases and chitosanase, further suggesting that HS‐3 most likely employs these enzymes to degrade fungal cell walls for its antifungal effect. To optimize the production of extracellular proteins, fermentation parameters for HS‐3 were systematically optimized, leading to an optimized medium (OP‐M). HS‐3 cultured in OP‐M demonstrated enhanced capacity to assist tomato plants in withstanding CCO. However, the presence of excessive nematodes in diseased soil resulted in disease severity index (DSI) remaining high. An RNA interference mechanism was further introduced to HS‐3, targeting the nematode tyrosine phosphatase (TP) gene. Ultimately, HS‐3 expressing dsRNA of TP in OP‐M effectively assisted tomatoes in mitigating CCO, reducing DSI to 2.2% and 17.8% of the control after 45 and 90 days of growth, respectively.CONCLUSIONThe advantages of Bacillus velezensis in crop disease management and the mitigation of CCOs become even more pronounced when utilizing both optimized levels of endogenous enzymes and introduced nematode‐targeting dsRNA.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing tomato disease resistance through endogenous antifungal proteins and introduced nematode‐targeting dsRNA of biocontrol agent Bacillus velezensisHS‐3

Han,

Zhu,

Liu

et al. 2024

Pest Management Science

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Bacillus thuringiensis Cry5, Cry21, App6 and Xpp55 proteins to control Meloidogyne javanica and M. incognita

Bel,

Galeano,

Baños-Salmeron

et al. 2024

Appl Microbiol Biotechnol

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The global imperative to enhance crop protection while preserving the environment has increased interest in the application of biological pesticides. Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) is a Gram-positive bacterium that can produce nematicidal proteins and accumulate them in parasporal crystals. Root-knot nematodes are obligate root plant parasitic which are distributed worldwide, causing severe damages to the infested plants and, consequently, large yield reductions. In this work, we have evaluated the toxicity of the Bt crystal proteins Cry5, Cry21, App6, and Xpp55 against two root-knot nematodes belonging to the Meloidogyne genus ( M. incognita and M. javanica ). The results show that all four proteins, when solubilized, were highly toxic for both nematode species. To check the potential of using Bt strains producing nematicidal crystal proteins as biopesticides to control root-knot nematodes in the field, in planta assays were conducted, using two wild Bt strains which produced Cry5 or a combination of App6 and Cry5 proteins. The tests were carried out with cucumber or with tomato plants infested with M. javanica J2, irrigated with spore + cristal mixtures of the respective strains. The results showed that the effectiveness of the nematicidal activity was plant-dependent, as Bt was able to reduce emerged J2 in tomato plants but not in cucumber plants. In addition, the toxicity observed in the in planta assays was much lower than expected, highlighting the difficulty of the proteins supplied as crystals to exert their toxicity. This emphasizes the delivery of the Bt proteins as crucial for its use to control root-knot nematodes. Key points • Solubilized Cry5, Cry21, App6 and Xpp55 Bt proteins are toxic to M. javanica. • Cry21 toxicity to M. incognita is similar to that of Cry5, App6, and Xpp55 proteins. • The Cry5 and App6 toxicities on M. javanica after Bt irrigation is crop dependent. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00253-024-13365-2.

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Unraveling the enigma of root-knot nematodes: from origins to advanced management strategies in agriculture

Vashisth,

Kumar,

Chandel

et al. 2024

Planta

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Novel Biotechnological Interventions in Plant Nematode Management Technologies

Cited by 4 publications

References 84 publications

Enhancing tomato disease resistance through endogenous antifungal proteins and introduced nematode‐targeting dsRNA of biocontrol agent Bacillus velezensisHS‐3

Enhancing tomato disease resistance through endogenous antifungal proteins and introduced nematode‐targeting dsRNA of biocontrol agent Bacillus velezensisHS‐3

Bacillus thuringiensis Cry5, Cry21, App6 and Xpp55 proteins to control Meloidogyne javanica and M. incognita

Unraveling the enigma of root-knot nematodes: from origins to advanced management strategies in agriculture

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