Novel broad spectrum virucidal molecules against enveloped viruses

Cagno, Valeria; Tintori, Cristina; Civra, Andrea; Cavalli, Roberta; Tiberi, Marika; Botta, Lorenzo; Brai, Annalaura; Poli, Giulio; Tapparel, Caroline; Lembo, David; Botta, Maurizio

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0208333

Cited by 21 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…On the other hand, statins inhibit HMGR enzyme, the rate‐limiting enzyme in cholesterol biosynthesis and hence reduce the available cholesterol 28 ,. 52 Consequently, it lowers the expression of membrane ACE2 receptors and blocks the viral entry 53 …”

Section: Host Lipids As Therapeutic Targets For the Development Of Antiviral Drugsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lipid‐based therapies against SARS‐CoV‐2 infection

Alketbi

Hamdy

El-Kabalawy

et al. 2021

Reviews in Medical Virology

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Summary Viruses have evolved to manipulate host lipid metabolism to benefit their replication cycle. Enveloped viruses, including coronaviruses, use host lipids in various stages of the viral life cycle, particularly in the formation of replication compartments and envelopes. Host lipids are utilised by the virus in receptor binding, viral fusion and entry, as well as viral replication. Association of dyslipidaemia with the pathological development of Covid‐19 raises the possibility that exploitation of host lipid metabolism might have therapeutic benefit against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2). In this review, promising host lipid targets are discussed along with potential inhibitors. In addition, specific host lipids are involved in the inflammatory responses due to viral infection, so lipid supplementation represents another potential strategy to counteract the severity of viral infection. Furthermore, switching the lipid metabolism through a ketogenic diet is another potential way of limiting the effects of viral infection. Taken together, restricting the access of host lipids to the virus, either by using lipid inhibitors or supplementation with exogenous lipids, might significantly limit SARS‐CoV‐2 infection and/or severity.

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Section: Host Lipids As Therapeutic Targets For the Development Of Antiviral Drugsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lipid‐based therapies against SARS‐CoV‐2 infection

Alketbi

Hamdy

El-Kabalawy

et al. 2021

Reviews in Medical Virology

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“…Time-of-drug-addition assays and temperature-shift assays are performed to determine particular steps in the viral infection/replication cycle in cell-based systems, such as entry events (e.g., viral attachment, fusion, uncoating), replication phase (viral genome replication, viral protein translation), and virion egress (assembly, maturation, release) that can be inhibited by potential antiviral substances. Here, the methods are only descibed in brief; more detailed information can be found in the cited literature [4,6,12,[31][32][33].…”

Section: Mechanisms Of Actionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antiviral and Virucidal Properties of Essential Oils and Isolated Compounds – A Scientific Approach

Reichling

2021

Planta Med

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Essential oils and isolated essential oil compounds are known to exert various pharmacological effects, such as antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, anti-immunomodulatory, antioxidant, and wound healing effects. Based on selected articles, this review deals with the potential antiviral and virucidal activities of essential oils and essential oil compounds together with their mechanism of action as well as in silico studies involving viral and host cell-specific target molecules that are indispensable for virus cell adsorption, penetration, and replication. The reported in vitro and in vivo studies highlight the baseline data about the latest findings of essential oils and essential oil compounds antiviral and virucidal effects on enveloped and non-enveloped viruses, taking into account available biochemical and molecular biological tests. The results of many in vitro studies revealed that several essential oils and essential oil compounds from different medicinal and aromatic plants are potent antiviral and virucidal agents that inhibit viral progeny by blocking different steps of the viral infection/replication cycle of DNA and RNA viruses in various host cell lines. Studies in mice infected with viruses causing respiratory diseases showed that different essential oils and essential oil compounds were able to prolong the life of infected animals, reduce virus titers in brain and lung tissues, and significantly inhibit the synthesis of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines. In addition, some in vitro studies on hydrophilic nano-delivery systems encapsulating essential oils/essential oil compounds exhibited a promising way to improve the chemical stability and enhance the water solubility, bioavailabilty, and antiviral efficacy of essential oils and essential oil compounds.

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“…Viruses represent a major cause of disease and mortality worldwide. Although great progress has been made in virus control, approved antiviral therapies for the majority of viruses are still lacking [1][2][3][4]. Many of these viruses are enveloped.…”

Section: The Viral Threat To Human Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antiviral activities and applications of ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides (RiPPs)

Jaarsma

Kuipers

2021

Cell. Mol. Life Sci.

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The emergence and re-emergence of viral epidemics and the risks of antiviral drug resistance are a serious threat to global public health. New options to supplement or replace currently used drugs for antiviral therapy are urgently needed. The research in the field of ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides (RiPPs) has been booming in the last few decades, in particular in view of their strong antimicrobial activities and high stability. The RiPPs with antiviral activity, especially those against enveloped viruses, are now also gaining more interest. RiPPs have a number of advantages over small molecule drugs in terms of specificity and affinity for targets, and over protein-based drugs in terms of cellular penetrability, stability and size. Moreover, the great engineering potential of RiPPs provides an efficient way to optimize them as potent antiviral drugs candidates. These intrinsic advantages underscore the good therapeutic prospects of RiPPs in viral treatment. With the aim to highlight the underrated antiviral potential of RiPPs and explore their development as antiviral drugs, we review the current literature describing the antiviral activities and mechanisms of action of RiPPs, discussing the ongoing efforts to improve their antiviral potential and demonstrate their suitability as antiviral therapeutics. We propose that antiviral RiPPs may overcome the limits of peptide-based antiviral therapy, providing an innovative option for the treatment of viral disease.

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Novel broad spectrum virucidal molecules against enveloped viruses

Cited by 21 publications

References 20 publications

Lipid‐based therapies against SARS‐CoV‐2 infection

Lipid‐based therapies against SARS‐CoV‐2 infection

Antiviral and Virucidal Properties of Essential Oils and Isolated Compounds – A Scientific Approach

Antiviral activities and applications of ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides (RiPPs)

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