Novel carbon nanotube interlaminar film sensors for carbon fiber composites under uniaxial fatigue loading

Boztepe, Sinan; Liu, Hao; Heider, Dirk; Thostenson, Erik T.

doi:10.1016/j.compstruct.2018.01.033

Cited by 32 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…27 Thostenson and co-workers introduced a CNT film into a cross-ply carbon-fiber-reinforced composite as a strain sensor by interleaving the sheet between prepreg plies, and the CNT film was found to be capable of sensing the strain and damage under a tension−tension fatigue load. 28 These research studies fully demonstrate the advantages of carbon nanotubes as sensor materials and the feasibility of the EIT method for a CNT nanocomposite. Among the various CNT materials, a CNT film shows superior mechanical properties and a stable piezoresistive effect, 29−31 which has been successfully hybridized with a carbon fiber to prepare aerospace-grade composite materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 66%

Carbon-Nanotube-Film-Based Electrical Impedance Tomography for Structural Damage Detection of Carbon-Fiber-Reinforced Composites

Hao

Wang

Xing

et al. 2021

ACS Appl. Nano Mater.

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This article shows a full utilization of the inherent conductive network of a carbon-nanotube (CNT) film as a sensing material and the development of an electrical impedance tomography (EIT) system for structural damage detection of carbon-fiberreinforced composites. Taking advantage of the piezoresistivity of entangled and randomly oriented CNTs, this CNT-film-based system successfully monitors the evolution of the stress status and indentation damage during quasi-static indentation. The detectability of a carbon-nanotube sensing film is investigated by laminating a CNT film onto the surface or in the middle of the composite laminate, and the corresponding hybrid structures with different ply schemes are denoted as s-CNT/CF and m-CNT/CF, respectively. The CNT-film-based EIT system with a 100 × 100 mm 2 sensing film and a 16-electrode design can detect the indentation stress of s-CNT/CF at a displacement of no less than 3 mm, while m-CNT/CF shows an obvious pattern of the indentation stress and damage in the EIT image, even at an indentation displacement of 1 mm. On the basis of the indentation dimension analysis of s-CNT/CF and the through-hole detectability of the CNT film, the dimension threshold is determined for the CNT film to detect stress distribution, damage, and through holes, which is in the range of 3.55−4.54 mm for the current EIT system design. A damage severity metric, ∑ N , is defined to quantify the variation of the electrical conductivity in the indentation area. ∑ N shows a slow descending tendency in the initial stage, followed by a rapid decrease with damage evolution. According to the microstructure analysis of the CNT film, the piezoresistive response caused by the elastic deformation of the CNT network plays an important role in the EIT signal in the initial stage, while the local CNT orientation and fractures cause a dramatic drop in ∑ N . A high sensitivity of m-CNT/CF on the stress status and damage evolution shows great potential in structural health monitoring, especially for the detection of barely visible impact damage.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 66%

Carbon-Nanotube-Film-Based Electrical Impedance Tomography for Structural Damage Detection of Carbon-Fiber-Reinforced Composites

Hao

Wang

Xing

et al. 2021

ACS Appl. Nano Mater.

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“…Liu, Ling, et al [25] interlaced the laminate interface with porous carbon nanotube (CNT) cloth-based paper to monitor the delamination of T300/epoxy-based isotropic laminates. Boztepe et al [29] discuss the real-time sensing behavior of carbon nanotube film sensors interleaved between cross-ply carbon fiber-epoxy laminate under uniaxial fatigue loading conditions. Vertuccio et al [30] studied the resistance behavior of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) epoxy composites under loading cycles and different strain levels.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strain monitoring using carbon nanotube Buckypaper sensor on composite repaired structure

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2021

Appl. Phys. A

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Repair of composite materials is an important cost savings for the aviation industry, and it is also very important to monitor the repaired structure. In this paper, a novel micro-nano sensor which is combined with Flexible Printed Circuit and Buckypaper (BP) sensor is introduced, and has the characteristics of multidirectional, real time and high sensitivity. These sensors are used to monitor the strain at different positions on the composite repair structure. The piezoresistive response of BP sensor is obtained and the main working mechanism of BP sensor is explained. Experiments show that this sensor can preliminarily judge the damage position and degree of the repaired structure, and monitor whether it reaches the strength limit. And it can judge the loading history of the structure. This ensures the safety of the repaired structure in the process of continuous service to a certain extent.

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“…In-situ monitoring, though, has some disadvantages, such as manufacturing/embedding difficulties [24], or intrusiveness risks as the integrated device may degrade the mechanical properties of the monitored part [25]. Different types of devices have already been embedded into composite structures to perform insitu SHM, such as optical fibers ( [26,27]: monitoring of cracks), or piezoresistive elements including conductive fiber reinforcement ( [28]: delamination identification), conductivecoated fibers ( [29]: strain monitoring under cyclic flexural loading), nanofillers ( [30]: relation electrical resistance vs. mechanical loading [31]: uniaxial tension-tension fatigue monitoring), Z-pins ( [32]: delamination crack surveillance), and tuft threads ( [33]: tufted 'Omega' stiffener monitoring). Piezoelectric devices are also particularly investigated in the in-situ SHM literature, with the use of PolyVinylidene Fluoride (PVDF) [34] or Lead Zirconate Titanate (LZT or PZT) [17] as primary base materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integration of piezoelectric transducers (PZT and PVDF) within polymer-matrix composites for structural health monitoring applications: new success and challenges

Tuloup

Harizi

Aboura

et al. 2020

International Journal of Smart and Nano Materials

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This article investigates the interest of using in-situ piezoelectric (PZT and PVDF) disks to perform real-time Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) of glass fiber-reinforced polymer composites submitted to various tensile loadings. The goal is to evaluate the working range and SHM potential of such embedded transducers for relatively simple mechanical loadings, with the long-term aim of using them to monitor complete 3D structures submitted to more complex loadings. SHM is performed acquiring the electrical capacitance variation of the embedded transducers. To study the potential links between the insitu capacitance signal and the global response of the loaded host specimens, a multi-instrumentation composed of external Nondestructive Testing techniques was implemented on the surfaces of the specimens to search for multi-physical couplings between these external measurements and the capacitance curves. Results confirmed the non-intrusiveness of the embedded transducers, and allowed estimating their working domain. PZT capacitance signal follows well the mechanical loadings, but the piezoceramic transducer gets damaged after a determined relatively low strain level due to its brittleness. The limits of this working domain are extended by using a stretchable PolyVinylidene Fluoride (PVDF) polymer transducer, allowing this one to perform in-situ and real-time SHM of its host tensile specimens until failure.

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Novel carbon nanotube interlaminar film sensors for carbon fiber composites under uniaxial fatigue loading

Cited by 32 publications

References 48 publications

Carbon-Nanotube-Film-Based Electrical Impedance Tomography for Structural Damage Detection of Carbon-Fiber-Reinforced Composites

Carbon-Nanotube-Film-Based Electrical Impedance Tomography for Structural Damage Detection of Carbon-Fiber-Reinforced Composites

Strain monitoring using carbon nanotube Buckypaper sensor on composite repaired structure

Integration of piezoelectric transducers (PZT and PVDF) within polymer-matrix composites for structural health monitoring applications: new success and challenges

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