Novel Coupled Line 180<formula formulatype="inline"> <tex Notation="TeX">$^{\circ}$</tex></formula> Hybrid With Non-Interspersed Input and Output Ports

Abstract

This paper presents a novel coupled line 180 hybrid with non-interspersed input/output ports. With the combination of a weak coupling parallel coupled line and strong coupling trans-directional coupler, a non-interspersed input/output ports coupled line 180 hybrid is obtained by using printed circuit board fabrication process, and reduced substrate area is achieved. The proposed hybrid owns the features of reducing the complexity of dc biasing for the next-stage active circuits. Moreover, it requires no bond wires, via-holes, or multilayer structures. The formula of the proposed hybrid is derived, and the characteristics of the hybrid are analyzed. Two prototypes are designed to verify the concept. One is arranged with the two couplers perpendicular to each other, and the other is constructed with the two couplers arranged in a line. The measured results are in good agreement with the simulated ones Index Terms-Coupled line 180 hybrid, dc blocking, non-interspersed input/output ports, reduced substrate area, trans-directional (TRD) coupler.

High-performance cryogenic fractal 180° hybrid power divider with integrated directional coupler

“…As a matter of fact, these configurations employ different materials (for metallization, soldering, air-bridges, and via holes) and the connection between different metallic parts is not reliable when the temperature is lowered at 20 K, due to the different thermal contraction of the different materials used (copper, gold, conductive glue, and so on). We also do not consider the 180°hybrids based on the coupled line technology [as Napijalo, 2012;Simion and Bartolucci, 2014;Liu et al, 2014], since, along with being quite intricate (sometimes including also air-bridges and/or via holes), they usually have higher insertion losses and are therefore not suitable to be used in high-performance radio astronomy receivers.…”