Novel Design of Wing Leading Edge against Birdstrike

Dynamic Response of Structurally Reinforced Wing Leading Edge against Soft Impact

“…This confirms that the leading edge will retain its aerodynamic shape after the bird strike, eventually providing a safer flight. In terms of plastic displacement and tip displacement, a comparison is also made with other available reinforcement types found in the literature [24,25,34], as shown in Figure 12. From the illustration, it is apparent that despite being reinforced, all other leading edges have a significant plastic deformation and only provide protection for not being penetrated fully due to the impact, complying with the FAR 25.631 regulations.…”

“…Qiu et al [23] numerically studied the leading edge honeycomb structure and suggested that beam reinforcement under the sandwich panel can avoid breakdown during a bird impact. More recently, an investigation conducted by Yu et al [24] concluded that localized strengthened variable-thickness skin (LSVTS) can protect the leading edge skin from being penetrated by the bird. Furthermore, Caprio et al [25] analyzed the influence of skin parameters, namely, inner and outer face thickness, and the height of the honeycomb core on the crashworthiness performance of the leading edge.…”

“…In summary, a considerable amount of research can be found on finite element validations [6][7][8][9][10][11], response of aircraft structures to bird impacts [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20], and computational representation of birds [27][28][29][30][31][32][33]. However, only in recent times, the emphasis is given towards the improvement of aircraft leading edge structures exposed to bird impacts by means of reinforcements [21][22][23][24][25][26]. To determine the convenient reinforcement type, the current research focuses on the potential improvement of a reinforced leading edge by a Y-shaped and V-shaped plate system against bird impact which can be installed on a commercial aircraft.…”

A Sensitivity Analysis of the Damage Behavior of a Leading-Edge Subject to Bird Strike

“…Attention was paid to the certification process of some structural components of airplanes, for which a vast campaign of experimental tests was useful for the validation of the numerical models representing the structure and the impactor [3][4][5]. Among the extensive literature research, different works focusing on the bird impact behavior on the windshield [6,7], wing flap [8] and leading edge [9][10][11]; these results made it possible to implement different material configurations, such as composite incorporated with shape memory alloy material [12,13] or laminated material [14,15], by evaluating the behavior of the dynamic impact even at full scale [16], and in an attempt to improve components crashworthiness with respect to mass saving [17]. Moreover, several investigations were carried out by varying the characteristics of the volatile mass by using different projectile formulations, as smooth particle hydrodynamic (SPH) [18,19] and Lagrangian [20][21][22].…”