Novel Deterministic Detection and Estimation Algorithms for Colocated Multiple-Input Multiple-Output Radars

Abstract

In this manuscript, the problem of detecting multiple targets and estimating their spatial coordinates (namely, their range and the direction of arrival of their electromagnetic echoes) in a colocated multiple-input multiple-output radar system operating in a static or slowly changing two-dimensional or three-dimensional propagation scenario is investigated. Various solutions, collectively called range & angle serial cancellation algorithms, are developed for both frequency modulated continuous wave radars and stepped frequency continuous wave radars. Moreover, specific technical problems experienced in their implementation are discussed. Finally, the accuracy achieved by these algorithms in the presence of multiple targets is assessed on the basis of both synthetically generated data and of the measurements acquired through three different multiple-input multiple-output radars and is compared with that provided by other methods based on multidimensional Fourier analysis and multiple signal classification.

Recursive Algorithms for the Estimation of Multiple Superimposed Undamped Tones and Their Application to Radar Systems

“…Since the distance d H between adjacent virtual channels is constant, the estimated phases exhibit a linear dependence on the index of the virtual channel (see [63], (10) and ( 11)]). Moreover, if a linear fitting is drawn for these data, it should be expected that the slope of the resulting lines is proportional to sin(θ ), where θ is the azimuth of the considered target (see [63], (23)]); this is confirmed by the results shown in Fig. 10, where the three (six) lines associated with the targets T 1 -T 3 (T 4 -T 9 ) have a negative (positive) slope, 9 as should be expected on the basis of Table III.…”

“…Further details about the adopted radar system and its physical and virtual arrays can be found in[63], Par. X.B].…”

Radar-Based Monitoring of Vital Signs: A Tutorial Overview

“…Since the last quantity can also be interpreted as the normalized frequency of a complex exponential sequence, the frequency estimation algorithms developed for FMCW radar systems can also be employed in SFCW systems; in doing so, we must keep in mind that the only difference between ( 23) and ( 27) is represented by the sign of the argument of complex exponential appearing in their RHSs. Finally, it is worth stressing that this similarity can be considered as a form of time-frequency duality [56]; from this viewpoint, an SFCW radar system can be seen as the dual of an FMCW radar system, as evidenced in [57]. Finally, it is worth mentioning that, since, in principle, the useful component of the baseband signal available at the RX side in a CW radar system is a complex exponential [see ( 14), (23), and ( 27)], the overall quality of that signal can be assessed by representing its time evolution on a Cartesian plane; this leads to the so-called I/Q constellation graph.…”

Radar-based Monitoring of Vital Signs: A Tutorial Overview

“…Since the last quantity can be also interpreted as the normalised frequency of a complex exponential sequence, the frequency estimation algorithms developed for FMCW radar systems can be also employed in SFCW systems; in doing so, we must keep in mind that the only difference between ( 21) and ( 25) is represented by the sign of the argument of complex exponential appearing in their RHSs. Finally, it is worth stressing that this similarity can be considered as a form of time-frequency duality [42]; from this viewpoint, an SFCW radar system can be seen as the dual of an FMCW radar system, as evidenced in [43].…”