Novel factors contributing to fungal pathogenicity at early stages of <i>Setosphaeria turcica</i> infection

Meng, Yanan; Zeng, Fanli; Hu, Jingjing; Li, Pan; Xiao, Shenglin; Zhou, Lihong; Gong, Jie; Liu, Yuwei; Hao, Zhimin; Cao, Zhimian; Dong, Jingao

doi:10.1111/mpp.13140

Cited by 14 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…VmE02 is a cell death inducer isolated from V. mali and later identified as a novel transboundary PAMP with a wide distribution in oomycetes and fungi (Nie et al, 2019). A recent study has shown that StACE1 acts as an appressorium-coupled effector that can cause cell necrosis in N. benthamiana (Meng et al, 2022). There is, however, limited research on S. turcica effectors or PAMPs, which can trigger cell death and control host immunity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Northern corn leaf blight (NCLB) is caused by Setosphaeria turcica and is one of the major foliar diseases in maize production areas worldwide (Jackson-Ziems, 2016;Meng et al, 2022). Yield losses usually range from 15 to 30%, up to 50% in severe cases (Raymundo and Hooker, 1981;Perkins, 1987).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A transcriptome study revealed different expression patterns of different genes in the biotrophic and necrotrophic stages of S. turcica (a hemibiotrophic pathogen) and identified 346 candidate effector proteins, including the previously reported ones StEcp6 (Xue et al, 2013;Human et al, 2020). For example, StCFEM12 can inhibit programmed cell death (PCD) induced by INF1, with StACE1 acting as an oppressor-coupled effector protein that causes cell necrosis in Nicotiana benthamiana (Wang et al, 2021;Meng et al, 2022). However, little is known about the roles of the key effector protein in the S. turcica infection process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Secreted Ribonuclease SRE1 Contributes to Setosphaeria turcica Virulence and Activates Plant Immunity

Huang

Sun

et al. 2022

Front. Microbiol.

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During the plant infection process, pathogens can secrete several effectors. Some of the effectors are well-known for their roles in regulating plant immunity and promoting successful pathogen colonization. However, there are few studies on the ribonuclease (RNase) effectors secreted by fungi. In the present study, we discovered a secretable RNase (SRE1) in the secretome of Setosphaeria turcica that was significantly upregulated during the early stages of S. turcica infection in maize. Knockdown of SRE1 significantly reduced the virulence of S. turcica. SRE1 can induce cell death in maize and Nicotiana benthamiana. However, unlike the conventional hypersensitive response (HR) caused by other effectors, SRE1 is not dependent on its signal peptide (SP) or plant receptor kinases (such as BAK1 and SOBIR1). SRE1-induced cell death depends upon its enzymatic activity and the N-terminal β-hairpin structure. SRE1 relies on its N-terminal β-hairpin structure to enter cells, and then degrades plant's RNA through its catalytic activity causing cytotoxic effects. Additionally, SRE1 enhances N. benthamiana's resistance to pathogenic fungi and oomycetes. In summary, SRE1 promotes the virulence of S. turcica, inducing plant cell death and activating plant immune responses.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Secreted Ribonuclease SRE1 Contributes to Setosphaeria turcica Virulence and Activates Plant Immunity

Huang

Sun

et al. 2022

Front. Microbiol.

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“…According to the previous method, positive colonies were screened on CMD-W medium, and the utilization of ra nose by yeast was observed on YPRAA medium to verify the function of signal peptide (Liu, et al 2021b). The activity of sucrose transferase was detected using 2% TTC solution to verify the function of signal peptide (Meng, et al 2022).…”

Section: Yeast Signal Peptide Capture Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

VdERG2 was involved in ergosterol biosynthesis, nutritional differentiation and virulence of Verticillium dahliae

Liu

Zhang

et al. 2022

Curr Genet

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The ergosterol biosynthesis pathway plays an important role in model pathogenic bacteria Saccharomyces cerevisiae, but little is known about the biosynthesis of ergosterol in pathogenic fungus Verticillium dahliae. In this study, we identi ed the VdERG2 gene encoding sterol C-8 isomerase from V. dahliae and investigated its function in virulence by generating gene deletion mutants (ΔVdEGR2) and complemented mutants (C-ΔVdEGR2). Deletion of VdERG2 reduced ergosterol content. The conidial germination rate and conidial yield of ΔVdERG2 decreased signi cantly, and abnormal conidia were produced. In spite of VdERG2 did not affect the utilization of carbon sources by V. dahliae, but ΔVdERG2 observed a decrease in melanin production when cellulose and pectin were used as sole carbon sources, respectively. The ability of mutants ΔVdERG2 to produce microsclerotia and melanin decreased and the knockout of VdERG2 led to a signi cant decrease in the expression of microsclerotia and melanin-related genes Va M, Vayg1, VDH1, VdLAC, VdSCD and VT4HR. In addition, mutants ΔVdEGR2-1 and ΔVdEGR2-2 were very sensitive to congo red (CR), sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) stresses, indicating that VdEGR2 was involved in cell wall and oxidative stress response. The absence of VdERG2 weakened the penetration ability of mycelium on cellophane and affected the growth of mycelium on cellophane. Although ΔVdERG2 could infect cotton, its pathogenicity was signi cantly impaired. These phenotypic defects in ΔVdERG2 could be complemented by reintroduction of a fulllength VdERG2 gene. In summary, as a single conservative secretory protein, VdERG2 played a crucial role in ergosterol biosynthesis, nutritional differentiation and virulence in V. dahliae.

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“…Briefly, the infection occurs when a conidia spore germinates on a leaf, producing an appressorium and infection peg, and the infective hyphae enter the mesophyll (Chung et al., 2010b; Galiano‐Carneiro & Miedaner, 2017). Setosphaeria turcica employs cell wall degrading enzymes to penetrate into the leaf (Meng et al., 2021), invading the plant cell and cellular space. The growing mycelium grow toward the xylem in the vascular bundle, and vascular plugging ensues along with colonization of neighboring bundle sheath cells.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brown midrib mutant and genome‐wide association analysis uncover lignin genes for disease resistance in maize

et al. 2022

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Brown midrib (BMR) maize (Zea mays L.) harbors mutations that result in lower lignin levels and higher feed digestibility, making it a desirable silage market class for ruminant nutrition. Northern leaf blight (NLB) epidemics in upstate New York highlighted the disease susceptibility of commercially grown BMR maize hybrids.We found the bm1, bm2, bm3, and bm4 mutants in a W64A genetic background to be more susceptible to foliar fungal (NLB, gray leaf spot [GLS], and anthracnose leaf blight [ALB]) and bacterial (Stewart's wilt) diseases. The bm1, bm2, and bm3 mutants showed enhanced susceptibility to anthracnose stalk rot (ASR), and the bm1 and bm3 mutants were more susceptible to Gibberella ear rot (GER). Colocalization of quantitative trait loci (QTL) and correlations between stalk strength and disease traits in recombinant inbred line families suggest possible pleiotropies. The role of lignin in plant defense was explored using high-resolution, genome-wide association analysis for resistance to NLB in the Goodman diversity panel. Association analysis identified 100 single and clustered single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) associations for resistance to NLB but did not implicate natural functional variation at bm1-bm5. Strong associations implicated a suite of diverse candidate genes including lignin-related genes such as a β-glucosidase gene cluster, hct11, knox1, knox2, zim36, lbd35, CASP-like protein 8, and xat3. The candidate genes are targets for breeding quantitative resistance to NLB in maize for use in silage and nonsilage purposes.

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Novel factors contributing to fungal pathogenicity at early stages of Setosphaeria turcica infection

Cited by 14 publications

References 50 publications

The Secreted Ribonuclease SRE1 Contributes to Setosphaeria turcica Virulence and Activates Plant Immunity

The Secreted Ribonuclease SRE1 Contributes to Setosphaeria turcica Virulence and Activates Plant Immunity

VdERG2 was involved in ergosterol biosynthesis, nutritional differentiation and virulence of Verticillium dahliae

Brown midrib mutant and genome‐wide association analysis uncover lignin genes for disease resistance in maize

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