Novel fast ultra‐performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC–MS/MS) and extraction of ethylglucuronide in meconium samples

Determination of Prenatal Substance Exposure Using Meconium and Orbitrap Mass Spectrometry

“…In the method presented here, a small amount of sample was necessary, 300 mg, which is acceptable in comparison to previous publications using between 200 and 2000 mg [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18]. Several extraction procedures have been applied to meconium toxicological analysis including liquid-liquid extraction [9], salting out assisted liquid-liquid extraction [14] and solid-phase extraction (SPE) [11][12][13][15][16][17][18]. SPE is widely employed to prepare and clean up complex matrices in the field of forensic analysis and is the most widely used method for the preparation of meconium.…”

“…The matrix is very pasty and sticky, requiring a complex analytical pre-treatment and the sample amount is sometimes limited, allowing a single analysis. In the method presented here, a small amount of sample was necessary, 300 mg, which is acceptable in comparison to previous publications using between 200 and 2000 mg [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18]. Several extraction procedures have been applied to meconium toxicological analysis including liquid-liquid extraction [9], salting out assisted liquid-liquid extraction [14] and solid-phase extraction (SPE) [11][12][13][15][16][17][18].…”

“…Most of the analytical methods described in the literature for the determination of DoA in meconium are based on LC-MS/MS [10][11][12][13][14][15][16]18]. All these methods are targeted, therefore limiting the number of compounds analyzed.…”

“…However, it is susceptible to contamination by urine, there is a possible detection of drugs given to the newborn after birth and painkiller drugs used by the mother during labor, the specimen volume is limited and extensive extraction procedures are required for sample preparation [6]. Several studies dedicated to meconium analysis have been published [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. Most of the methods have focused on the analysis of specific drug groups such as amphetamines, opioids, cannabinoids, cocaine, alcohol biomarkers, benzodiazepines or antidepressants [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16].…”

Role of Neonatal Biomarkers of Exposure to Psychoactive Substances to Identify Maternal Socio-Demographic Determinants

“…EtG was used as a biomarker for prenatal alcohol exposure. Meconium samples were analyzed using ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS), with detection and quantification limits of 0.5 ng/g and 5 ng/g, respectively [30]. The cutoff point to consider EtG positive was 30 ng/g [31].…”