Novel feasibilities for preparation of serum albumin-based core-shell nanoparticles in flow conditions

Abstract

We first demonstrate a simple and rapid fabrication protocol of bovine serum albumin (BSA) nanoparticles (NPs), as potential drug carriers using a microchannel flow technique with the successful encapsulation of a water-soluble kynurenic acid (KYNA) having neuroactive property has also been performed. By comparison, the preparation of a hydrophobic α-Tocopherol (TP)-loaded polylactide-co-glycolide 50:50 (PLGA50)-based NPs was also carried out under flow conditions. We highlight several benefits of the flow technique over the commonly known self-assembly and nanoprecipitation processes. The average particle diameter, the size distribution, the encapsulation efficiency (EE%) and the drug release kinetics of these different core-shell type NPs prepared by the flow as well as the above-mentioned classic methods were compared. The decisive role of the flow rate (FR), the relative flow rate (RFR) of the components in the particle size of both BSA-and PLGA50-based NPs have also been verified. By utilization of the optimal flow conditions, the average size can be decreased with ca. 15-20% and lower polydispersity index (PDI) can be also achieved. It was confirmed that the systematic change of the RFR values resulting in the controlled size of the drug-loaded BSA NPs between 120 and 140 nm, while d = 149 nm was obtained for self-assembled NPs. However, for BSA-based NPs quite similar EE% was obtained for both methods (ca. 11-12%), but for PLGA50/TP NPs the application of flow device increased the EE% from 67.0% to 71.5%.

Polymeric Nanoparticles for Nasal Drug Delivery to the Brain: Relevance to Alzheimer's Disease

“…Bovine serum albumin (BSA) NPs [ 171] Polymeric NPs Enhancing the residence time of the olfactory region, reducing the clearance of mucocilliary Possible nasal irritation, possible mucosal damage, possible cytotoxicity regarding surface modifications as well as crosslinks PLGA, PEG, PEI, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) [ 172,173] Lipid-based nanocarrier High tunability, easy chemical modification on the surface, low cellular toxicity, encapsulation method possibilities Low entrapment efficiency as well as difficult to optimize size Liposome [ 174] Nanogels Enhanced and improved drug delivery through the nasal epithelium, easy surface modification, acceptable entrapment efficiency…”

Triggering the nanophase separation of albumin through multivalent binding to glycogen for drug delivery in 2D and 3D multicellular constructs

“…32 This potentially enables albuminbased nanoparticles to extravasate inside the tumour through the formation of transcytosis vesicles 31 and accumulate in the intra-tumoral region. 33 Different approaches for fabricating nanoparticles or submicron aggregates entirely made of albumin have been developed including desolvation, [34][35][36] emulsification, 37,38 thermal gelation, 39,40 chemical conjugation 41,42 or nanospray drying. 43,44 These methods require the use of toxic crosslinkers (glutaraldehyde), denaturing agents (mercaptoethanol) and chlorinated solvents (chloroform), surfactants, thermal or high-pressure treatments that can partially denature the protein.…”

Serum Albumin Nanoparticles: Problems and Prospects

“…Albumin, as an exogenous or endogenous carrier protein for treating various diseases-primarily cancer [15], rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes and hepatitis-has demonstrated its potential in the form of products and numerous clinical trials [16]. Human serum albumin (HSA) can be the possible solution to this unmet challenge [17,18]. The albumin is a family of globular proteins, the most common of which are the serum albumins [19].…”