Novel fluorescent dyes based on oligopropylamines for the in vivo staining of eukaryotic unicellular algae

New fluorescent derivatives of oligopropylamines

“…19,20 The data obtained with new NBD-tagged OPAs (Figure 7) confirm our previous observation about the ability of N3 fluorescent dyes to stain not only biogenic silica but also other intracellular vesicles in contrast to N2 derivatives which stain silica frustules only. This fact had been explained 4 by the low affinity of NBD-N2 to acidic functions in comparison with NBD-N3 because NBD-N2 has only one nitrogen atom capable of durable interaction with weak acids. The low activity of 2NBD-N2 and 2NBD-N3 in diatom staining is not unexpected taking into account their reduced fluorescent activity, one or even absence of free amine nitrogens and the inclination to aggregation giving large particles which have no any possibilities to penetrate into the cell.…”

“…But it does not explain the higher activity of NBD-N3 comparing with NBD-N3H. Staining of diatom frustules with fluorescence-tagged OPAs is realized 4 by non-specific penetration of amines into the cell followed by its concentration in acidic vesicles, including SDV (Silica Deposition Vesicle) -a special cell organelle in which parts of new silica frustules are synthesized. 19,20 The data obtained with new NBD-tagged OPAs (Figure 7) confirm our previous observation about the ability of N3 fluorescent dyes to stain not only biogenic silica but also other intracellular vesicles in contrast to N2 derivatives which stain silica frustules only.…”

“…Weakly basic fluorescent dyes are known as lysotrackers -compounds capable to penetrate into acidic cytoplasmic vesicles of eukaryotic cells. 3 Recently we reported 4 the synthesis of two representatives of fluorescence-tagged methylated OPAs by the reaction between 4-chloro-7-nitro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole (Cl-NBD) and the corresponding amines. amines a 10-20 fold excess of the amine was used.…”

“…17 , NBD-N3 and NBD-N2 were synthesized according to Ref. 4 Other inorganic salts and chemicals were purchased from Sigma Aldrich, Fisher or Acros Chemicals and used without further treatment. Purity estimation.…”

Staining diatoms with rhodamine dyes: control of emission colour in photonic biocomposites

“…Such fluorescent markers have been used for monitoring biomineralization processes by staining the siliceous cell wall. Dyes that have been reported as suitable for that purpose are Rhodamine 123 [11], the oxazole dye PDMPO (or LysoSensor Yellow/ Blue DND-160, Invitrogen) [12], the benzoxadiazole dye HCK-123 [13] and two oxadiazole dyes [14].…”