Novel fuel cell with nanocomposite functional layer designed by perovskite solar cell principle

Zhu, Bin; Huang, Yizhong; Fan, Liangdong; Ma, Ying; Wang, Baoyuan; Chen, Xia; Afzal, Muhammad; Zhang, Bowei; Dong, Wenjing; Wang, Hao; Lund, Peter

doi:10.1016/j.nanoen.2015.11.015

Cited by 150 publications

(94 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Perovskite oxides span numerous compositions and are heavily studied as materials for catalytic, [1][2][3][4] fuel cell, [5][6][7][8] thermoelectric, [9][10][11][12] and oxide electronics applications. [13][14][15][16] SrTiO 3 is ap articularly promising candidate for electronics, because it supports two-dimensional electron gases at its surfaces and interfaces, [17][18][19] which may lead to new device applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Two‐Dimensional Crystal Orbitals on Fermi Surfaces and Electron Transport in Three‐Dimensional Perovskite Oxides

2019

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Perovskite oxides are candidate materials in catalysis, fuel cells, thermoelectrics, and electronics, where electronic transport is vital to their use. While the fundamental transport properties of these materials have been heavily studied, there are still key features that are not well understood, including the temperature‐squared behavior of their resistivities. Standard transport models fail to account for this atypical property because Fermi surfaces of many perovskite oxides are low‐dimensional and distinct from traditional semiconductors. In this work, the low‐dimensional Fermi surfaces of perovskite oxides are chemically interpreted in terms of two‐dimensional crystal orbitals that form the conduction bands. Using SrTiO3 as a case study, the d/p‐hybridization that creates these low‐dimensional electronic structures is reviewed and connected to its fundamentally different electronic properties. A low‐dimensional band model explains several experimental transport properties, including the temperature and carrier‐density dependence of the effective mass, the carrier‐density dependence of scattering, and the temperature dependence of resistivity. This work highlights how chemical bonding influences semiconductor transport.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Two‐Dimensional Crystal Orbitals on Fermi Surfaces and Electron Transport in Three‐Dimensional Perovskite Oxides

2019

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“…Thus, the electron collection should be instigated by metal current collectors that possess superior surface area, porosity, contact surface, and conductivity. Fuel cells operated with current collectors of 0.3 cm 2 surface area had a power density production of 405 mW/m 2 , but when the area was increased to 0.64 cm 2 , production was almost two times higher (1080 mW/m 2 ) . The microstructure characteristics of the material such as active surface area and porosity would play an important role in ionic conduction and electrochemical kinetics thereby resulting in a heightened fuel cell performance.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Discharge performance of Zn‐air fuel cells under the influence of Carbopol 940 thickener

et al. 2020

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Summary A dynamic research endeavor has been performed in this research study by constructing and operating an innovative flowing type anode (zinc gel) along with Carbopol 960 additives as thickener in a zinc‐air fuel cell. This gel constituted of a mixture of Zn powder, thickener, and potassium hydroxide (KOH) electrolyte, and it was fueled into the cell with a peristaltic pump. The flowing Zn anode allowed the reaction‐produced water, carbonate, and zinc oxide (ZnO) to be discharged from the cell. Basic operating parameters of the fuel cell like the concentrations of the Zn powder, thickener, and electrolyte along with the number and grid density of the current collector grid, cell operation temperature, and air flow rate were all optimized for effective and enhanced fuel cell performance. It was determined based on voltage production along with current and energy density generation. The augmented experimental results were as follows; thickener concentration of 1 to 2 wt% was observed to be optimum above which the electrolyte acquired a solid state. The voltage production was stable at electrolyte concentrations of 60 to 65 wt% and Zn powder concentrations lower than 40 wt%, and concentrations greater than this resulted in reduced cell performance. The implementation of four current collector grids each with an opening density of 144 grid/cm2 had efficiently amplified cell performance. The ideal cell temperature was determined to be 40°C, and maximum cell production was attained at an air flow rate of 2 m/s. Consequently, effective improvement and advancement in the processes and operational parameters were achieved in this zinc‐air fuel cell with a state‐of‐the‐art anode fuel. This will surely provide great opportunities for their applications in the future.

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“…When the anode and cathode of the SOFC were both supplied with air, the I-V curve is linear, indicating that the fuel cell corresponds to a linear resistor under the air atmosphere; when the anode gas was changed into H 2 , the I-V curve becomes non-linear, indicating that there is a diode or rectification effect in the fuel cell device. As a kind of p-type semi-conductor, LSM, close to the anode side, can form a Schottky junction with metal Ni, production of NCAL reduction reaction [36,37]. The built-in electric field, generated by Schottky junction, not only drives the ionic transportation, but also prevents electrons transporting from the anode to cathode (Figure 5b).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Semiconductor-Ionic Nanocomposite La0.1Sr0.9MnO3−δ-Ce0.8Sm0.2O2−δ Functional Layer for High Performance Low Temperature SOFC

Wang

et al. 2018

Materials

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A novel composite was synthesized by mixing La0.1Sr0.9MnO3−δ (LSM) with Ce0.8Sm0.2O2−δ (SDC) for the functional layer of low temperature solid oxide fuel cell (LT-SOFC). Though LSM, a highly electronic conducting semiconductor, was used in the functional layer, the fuel cell device could reach OCVs higher than 1.0 V without short-circuit problem. A typical diode or rectification effect was observed when an external electric force was supplied on the device under fuel cell atmosphere, which indicated the existence of a junction that prevented the device from short-circuit problem. The optimum ratio of LSM:SDC = 1:2 was found for the LT-SOFC to reach the highest power density of 742 mW·cm−2 under 550 °C The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy data highlighted that introducing LSM into SDC electrolyte layer not only decreased charge-transfer resistances from 0.66 Ω·cm2 for SDC to 0.47–0.49 Ω·cm2 for LSM-SDC composite, but also decreased the activation energy of ionic conduction from 0.55 to 0.20 eV.

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Novel fuel cell with nanocomposite functional layer designed by perovskite solar cell principle

Cited by 150 publications

References 35 publications

Effect of Two‐Dimensional Crystal Orbitals on Fermi Surfaces and Electron Transport in Three‐Dimensional Perovskite Oxides

Effect of Two‐Dimensional Crystal Orbitals on Fermi Surfaces and Electron Transport in Three‐Dimensional Perovskite Oxides

Discharge performance of Zn‐air fuel cells under the influence of Carbopol 940 thickener

Semiconductor-Ionic Nanocomposite La0.1Sr0.9MnO3−δ-Ce0.8Sm0.2O2−δ Functional Layer for High Performance Low Temperature SOFC

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