Novel Genomic Locus with Atypical G+C Content that Is Required for Extracellular Polysaccharide Production and Virulence in <i>Xanthomonas oryzae</i> pv. <i>oryzae</i>

Dharmapuri, Sridhar; Yashitola, J.; Vishnupriya, M.; Sonti, Ramesh V.

doi:10.1094/mpmi.2001.14.11.1335

Cited by 40 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Scupham & Triplett (1997) reported that in Brucella abortus, mutation of galE (or exoB), which is involved in LPS and EPS production, does not cause visible changes in cell morphology. Dharmapuri et al (2001) found that Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae mutants that are deficient in EPS and LPS production do not differ from the wildtype in colony roughness.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Azospirillum brasilense Sp7 noeJ and noeL genes are involved in extracellular polysaccharide biosynthesis

et al. 2009

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The Azospirillum brasilense Sp7 noeJ and noeL genes are involved in extracellular polysaccharide biosynthesis Azospirillum brasilense is a plant root-colonizing bacterium that exerts beneficial effects on the growth of many agricultural crops. Extracellular polysaccharides of the bacterium play an important role in its interactions with plant roots. The pRhico plasmid of A. brasilense Sp7, also named p90, carries several genes involved in synthesis and export of cell surface polysaccharides. We generated two Sp7 mutants impaired in two pRhico-located genes, noeJ and noeL, encoding mannose-6-phosphate isomerase and GDP-mannose 4,6-dehydratase, respectively. Our results demonstrate that in A. brasilense Sp7, noeJ and noeL are involved in lipopolysaccharide and exopolysaccharide synthesis. noeJ and noeL mutant strains were significantly altered in their outer membrane and cytoplasmic/periplasmic protein profiles relative to the wild-type strain. Moreover, both noeJ and noeL mutations significantly affected the bacterial responses to several stresses and antimicrobial compounds. Disruption of noeL, but not noeJ, affected the ability of the A. brasilense Sp7 to form biofilms. The pleiotropic alterations observed in the mutants could be due, at least partially, to their altered lipopolysaccharides and exopolysaccharides relative to the wild-type.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Azospirillum brasilense Sp7 noeJ and noeL genes are involved in extracellular polysaccharide biosynthesis

et al. 2009

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“…The LPS locus in Xanthomonas is a hypervariable region which has a role in virulence (37). In Xanthomonas, the LPS cluster is confined between two highly conserved housekeeping genes, metB and etfA, encoding the cystathionine gamma lyase and electron transport flavoprotein, respectively (38).…”

Section: Sequencing and Assemblymentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomic Insights into the Evolutionary Origin of Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri and Its Ecological Relatives

Midha

Patil

2014

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri (Xac) is the causal agent of citrus bacterial canker (CBC) and is a serious problem worldwide. Like CBC, several important diseases in other fruits, such as mango, pomegranate, and grape, are also caused by Xanthomonas pathovars that display remarkable specificity toward their hosts. While citrus and mango diseases were documented more than 100 years ago, the pomegranate and grape diseases have been known only since the 1950s and 1970s, respectively. Interestingly, diseases caused by all these pathovars were noted first in India. Our genome-based phylogenetic studies suggest that these diverse pathogens belong to a single species and these pathovars may be just a group of rapidly evolving strains. Furthermore, the recently reported pathovars, such as those infecting grape and pomegranate, form independent clonal lineages, while the citrus and mango pathovars that have been known for a long time form one clonal lineage. Such an understanding of their phylogenomic relationship has further allowed us to understand major and unique variations in the lineages that give rise to these pathovars. Whole-genome sequencing studies including ecological relatives from their putative country of origin has allowed us to understand the evolutionary history of Xac and other pathovars that infect fruits.

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“…Some of the functions encoded within these variable regions are also known to have an unusual base composition in other species or are known to vary among strains. These include the exopolysaccharide biosynthesis regions (11,14,17) and the restriction modification systems (38). Some variable regions have a base composition that is similar to the genome average.…”

Section: Fig 2 Conservation and Variability Of Genes In L Plantarumentioning

confidence: 99%

ExploringLactobacillus plantarumGenome Diversity by Using Microarrays

et al. 2005

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Lactobacillus plantarum is a versatile and flexible species that is encountered in a variety of niches and can utilize a broad range of fermentable carbon sources. To assess if this versatility is linked to a variable gene pool, microarrays containing a subset of small genomic fragments of L. plantarum strain WCFS1 were used to perform stringent genotyping of 20 strains of L. plantarum from various sources. The gene categories with the most genes conserved in all strains were those involved in biosynthesis or degradation of structural compounds like proteins, lipids, and DNA. Conversely, genes involved in sugar transport and catabolism were highly variable between strains. Moreover, besides the obvious regions of variance, like prophages, other regions varied between the strains, including regions encoding plantaricin biosynthesis, nonribosomal peptide biosynthesis, and exopolysaccharide biosynthesis. In many cases, these variable regions colocalized with regions of unusual base composition. Two large regions of flexibility were identified between 2.70 and 2.85 and 3.10 and 3.29 Mb of the WCFS1 chromosome, the latter being close to the origin of replication. The majority of genes encoded in these variable regions are involved in sugar metabolism. This functional overrepresentation and the unusual base composition of these regions led to the hypothesis that they represented lifestyle adaptation regions in L. plantarum. The present study consolidates this hypothesis by showing that there is a high degree of gene content variation among L. plantarum strains in genes located in these regions of the WCFS1 genome. Interestingly, based on our genotyping data L. plantarum strains clustered into two clearly distinguishable groups, which coincided with an earlier proposed subdivision of this species based on conventional methods.

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Novel Genomic Locus with Atypical G+C Content that Is Required for Extracellular Polysaccharide Production and Virulence in Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae

Cited by 40 publications

References 29 publications

The Azospirillum brasilense Sp7 noeJ and noeL genes are involved in extracellular polysaccharide biosynthesis

The Azospirillum brasilense Sp7 noeJ and noeL genes are involved in extracellular polysaccharide biosynthesis

Genomic Insights into the Evolutionary Origin of Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri and Its Ecological Relatives

ExploringLactobacillus plantarumGenome Diversity by Using Microarrays

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