Novel Image Encryption Using a Pseudoset Generated by Chaotic Permutation Multicircular Shrinking With a Gradual Deletion of the Input Set

Abstract

High-level security with a large keyspace and a short processing time is needed in digital image encryption. Generally, an encryption method that produces a large keyspace is characterized by a relatively slow encryption process. In this paper, we propose a new image encryption method that uses two chaotic pseudosets. A gradual deletion of the input set (GDIS) is introduced to enhance the process of chaotic permutation multicircular shrinking (CPMCS), herein referred to as GDIS CPMCS, to diffuse the image pixels and control the shift distance of the row and column rotations of an image. The proposed encryption scheme offers some advantages: it has a larger keyspace than the referenced image encryption schemes and a shorter processing time than CPMCS. The processing time of the proposed image encryption method with the GDIS CPMCS algorithm is 16.7 times faster for a gray image and 43 times faster for a color image than that in our previous work. Based on histogram and entropy analyses, the proposed scheme is also robust to statistical analysis. Moreover, the ciphered image has a very high degree of randomness according to the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) randomness test results. In terms of differential analysis, a one-bit change in the original image leads to a substantial change in the ciphered image, as indicated by the unified average change intensity (UACI) and number of pixel change rate (NPCR) scores of 33.45% and 99.61%, respectively. Furthermore, GDIS CPMCS is robust to salt-andpepper, Poisson, Gaussian, and speckle noise, with peak signal-to-noise ratios (PSNRs) higher than 14. The scheme is also robust to data loss since a reconstructed image with 50% data loss can be recognized, as indicated by a PSNR of 11.4 INDEX TERMS cryptography; fast image encryption; very large keyspace; chaotic permutation; robust to noise; multiple circular shrinking

Implementing the Chaotic Permutation Multicircular Cryptography Technique using Asymmetric Key

“…For the test, the base key is generated using the PCMP Expanded Key Generator function with the input parameters of N=100, Initial Key = 12345678 and Sequence Key = 1234. The resulting base key contains the set of values: {12, 28, 14, 70, 53, 66, 79, 92, 13,27,41,77,69,83,11,26,41,72,71,32,49,49,1,17,33,49,65,66,25,27,59,7,25,28,61,14,33,52,9,14,49,54,31,52,17,39,7,15,1,25,49,10,37,12,41,22,5,30,19,4,37,28,21,13,13,…”

“…CPMC algorithm applies rotational shift of a set elements, using a key generated with special modulus and LCM rules towards a set of natural number sequences to produce chaotic properties. CPMC algorithm has been implemented for image encryption [20][21][22] and audio [23], however both implementations are limited to symmetric block cipher algorithm. This study proposes an asymmetric key cryptography implementation of the CPMC technique, by designing an algorithm that can generate a key pair from the CPMC encryption key.…”

A Novel Plaintext-Related Color Image Encryption Scheme Based on Cellular Neural Network and Chen’s Chaotic System

“…That is, the mean of three sequences is calculated and defined as the new sequence C. Then, the sequence C is quantified according to Equation (5). The quantized data is constructed as a diffusion matrix DM, whose size is M × N. The XOR operations are performed on it and the three components of the scrambled image SI, respectively.…”

“…Moreover, the chaos-based algorithms show outstanding characteristics in terms of security, complexity, speed, and computing power [3,4]. In recent years, the research of chaotic cryptography on image encryption has received a lot of attention from scholars [5][6][7][8][9]. For instance, on the basis of the permutation-substitution, an image encryption algorithm is presented in [10].…”

A Novel Color Image Encryption Scheme Based on Cellular Neural Network and Chen's Chaotic System

“…In recent years, the research of chaotic cryptography on image encryption has also attracted the attention of many scholars [5][6][7][8][9][10][11] . For instance, a novel image encryption approach based on the "permutation-substitution" network and the chaotic system is proposed in Ref.…”