Infectious diseases are a major concern around the world.
Today,
it is an urgent need for new chemotherapeutics for infectious diseases.
Because of that, our group designed, synthesized, and analyzed 14
new quinoline derivatives endowed with the pharmacophore moiety of
fluoroquinolones primarily for their antimicrobial effects. Their
cytotoxicity effects were tested against six bacterial and four fungal
strains and NIH/3T3 cell line. Additionally, their action mechanisms
were evaluated against DNA gyrase and lanosterol 14α-demethylase
(LMD). Furthermore, to eliminate the potential side effects, the active
compounds were evaluated against the aromatase enzyme. The experimental
enzymatic results were evaluated for active compounds’ binding
modes using molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation studies.
The results were utilized to clarify the structure–activity
relationship (SAR). Finally, compound 4m was the most
potent compound for its antifungal activity with low cytotoxicity
against healthy cells and fewer possible side effects, while compounds 4j and 4l can be used alone for special patients
who are suffering from fungal infections in addition to the primer
disease.