Novel immunotherapies for breast cancer: Focus on 2023 findings

Lan, Huan-Rong; Chen, Min; Yao, Shi-Ya; Chen, Jun-Xia; Jin, Ke-Tao

doi:10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111549

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 203 publications

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“…Breast cancer is a complex and heterogeneous disease that poses many challenges for research and treatment. Some of these challenges are to determine cancer subtypes, to understand the aggressiveness of cancer [ 28 ], neoadjuvant treatment response [ 29 ], or why most breast cancer patients do not respond to immunotherapy [ 30 ]. Another area of research is to develop predictive biomarkers for personalized medicine in breast cancer [ 31 , 32 ].…”

Section: Breast Cancer Therapies and Open Research Questionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Revolution in Breast Cancer Diagnostics: From Visual Inspection of Histopathology Slides to Using Desktop Tissue Analysers for Automated Nanomechanical Profiling of Tumours

Stolz

2024

Bioengineering

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We aim to develop new portable desktop tissue analysers (DTAs) to provide fast, low-cost, and precise test results for fast nanomechanical profiling of tumours. This paper will explain the reasoning for choosing indentation-type atomic force microscopy (IT-AFM) to reveal the functional details of cancer. Determining the subtype, cancer stage, and prognosis will be possible, which aids in choosing the best treatment. DTAs are based on fast IT-AFM at the size of a small box that can be made for a low budget compared to other clinical imaging tools. The DTAs can work in remote areas and all parts of the world. There are a number of direct benefits: First, it is no longer needed to wait a week for the pathology report as the test will only take 10 min. Second, it avoids the complicated steps of making histopathology slides and saves costs of labour. Third, computers and robots are more consistent, more reliable, and more economical than human workers which may result in fewer diagnostic errors. Fourth, the IT-AFM analysis is capable of distinguishing between various cancer subtypes. Fifth, the IT-AFM analysis could reveal new insights about why immunotherapy fails. Sixth, IT-AFM may provide new insights into the neoadjuvant treatment response. Seventh, the healthcare system saves money by reducing diagnostic backlogs. Eighth, the results are stored on a central server and can be accessed to develop strategies to prevent cancer. To bring the IT-AFM technology from the bench to the operation theatre, a fast IT-AFM sensor needs to be developed and integrated into the DTAs.

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Section: Breast Cancer Therapies and Open Research Questionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Revolution in Breast Cancer Diagnostics: From Visual Inspection of Histopathology Slides to Using Desktop Tissue Analysers for Automated Nanomechanical Profiling of Tumours

Stolz

2024

Bioengineering

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Combination strategies with PARP inhibitors in BRCA-mutated triple-negative breast cancer: overcoming resistance mechanisms

Jain,

Barge,

Parris

2024

Oncogene

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Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a particularly aggressive breast cancer subtype, characterised by a higher incidence in younger women, rapid metastasis, and a generally poor prognosis. Patients with TNBC and BRCA mutations face additional therapeutic challenges due to the cancer’s intrinsic resistance to conventional therapies. Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARPis) have emerged as a promising targeted treatment for BRCA-mutated TNBC, exploiting vulnerabilities in the homologous recombination repair (HRR) pathway. However, despite initial success, the efficacy of PARPis is often compromised by the development of resistance mechanisms, including HRR restoration, stabilisation of replication forks, reduced PARP1 trapping, and drug efflux. This review explores latest breakthroughs in overcoming PARPi resistance through combination therapies. These strategies include the integration of PARPis with chemotherapy, immunotherapy, antibody-drug conjugates, and PI3K/AKT pathway inhibitors. These combinations aim to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of PARPis by targeting multiple cancer progression pathways. The review also discusses the evolving role of PARPis within the broader treatment paradigm for BRCA-mutated TNBC, emphasising the need for ongoing research and clinical trials to optimise combination strategies. By tackling the challenges associated with PARPi resistance and exploring novel combination therapies, this review sheds light on the future possibilities for improving outcomes for patients with BRCA-mutated TNBC.

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Targeting Refractory Triple-Negative Breast Cancer with Sacituzumab Govitecan: A New Era in Precision Medicine

Khan,

Jandrajupalli,

Bushara

et al. 2024

Cells

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Advanced triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) has poorer outcomes due to its aggressive behavior and restricted therapeutic options. While therapies like checkpoint inhibitors and PARP inhibitors offer some benefits, chemotherapy remains ineffective beyond the first line of treatment. Antibody–drug conjugates (ADCs) like sacituzumab govitecan-hziy (SG) represent a significant advancement. SG combines SN-38, an irinotecan derivative, with a Trop-2-targeting antibody via a pH-sensitive linking moiety, achieving a good drug:antibody ratio. In a phase I-II study involving metastatic TNBC (mTNBC) individuals, SG achieved an overall response rate of 33.3% and a median response period of 7.7 months. The phase III ASCENT trial demonstrated SG’s efficacy in relapsed or refractory TNBC, improving median progression-free survival and median overall survival compared to chemotherapy. Common side effects include neutropenia, nausea, and fatigue. This article highlights the clinical potential, pharmacokinetics, safety profile, and resistance mechanisms of SG along with key ongoing clinical trials, emphasizing its role in managing refractory mTNBC, especially in third-line therapy. The review also discusses current strategies for managing adverse reactions and sequencing ADC treatments in clinical practice, along with the predicted basis of resistance. The optimal sequencing of SG relative to other ADCs, such as trastuzumab deruxtecan or T-DXd, remains an evolving question, especially as newer agents with distinct mechanisms of action and safety profiles enter the field. Further research is essential to establish evidence-based strategies for sequencing SG and addressing disease progression post-ADC therapy.

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Novel immunotherapies for breast cancer: Focus on 2023 findings

Cited by 3 publications

References 203 publications

The Revolution in Breast Cancer Diagnostics: From Visual Inspection of Histopathology Slides to Using Desktop Tissue Analysers for Automated Nanomechanical Profiling of Tumours

The Revolution in Breast Cancer Diagnostics: From Visual Inspection of Histopathology Slides to Using Desktop Tissue Analysers for Automated Nanomechanical Profiling of Tumours

Combination strategies with PARP inhibitors in BRCA-mutated triple-negative breast cancer: overcoming resistance mechanisms

Targeting Refractory Triple-Negative Breast Cancer with Sacituzumab Govitecan: A New Era in Precision Medicine

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