Novel magnesium alloy containing Y, Gd and Ca with enhanced ignition temperature and mechanical properties for aviation applications

Kubásek, Jiří; Minárik, Peter; Hosová, Klára; Šašek, Stanislav; Knapek, Michal; Veselý, Jozef; Stráská, Jitka; Dvorský, Drahomír; Čavojský, Miroslav; Vojtěch, Dalibor

doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2021.160089

Cited by 29 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Recently, our result demonstrate that ball milling could lower the reduction temperature of MgO by usi metal as a reducing agent, with ball mill speed and time of 600 r/min and 5 h, respec [22,23]. Therefore, in this article, the reactants are treated by a high-energy ball m process with ball mill speed and time of 600 r/min and 5 h, respectively, in order to e that the reduction of magnesium oxide is carried out at 1273 K. 2 High temperature sealant, 3 graphite flake, 4 sample, 5 Ceramic lid, 6 graphite paper, 7 alumina crucible, 8 Activated carbon powders, 9 ceramic cup.…”

Section: Thermodynamic Analysis Of the Reduction Reactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For the last few decades, the demand for magnesium has been increasing dramatically in the automotive industry, aviation, and aerospace fields on account of its excellent physical and mechanical properties, such as its lightweight, recyclable features, and high strength characteristics [1][2][3]. Currently, magnesium is mainly prepared using thermal reduction and electrolysis methods [4,5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(A) is the closed microwave aluminothermic method schematic diagram, (B) is the schematic of reduction process of MgO under microwave irradiation, (C) is the schematic of the experimental equipment. 1 refractory fiber,2 High temperature sealant, 3 graphite flake, 4 sample,5 Ceramic lid,6 graphite paper, 7 alumina crucible, 8 Activated carbon powders, 9 ceramic cup.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Novel Approach to Prepare Magnesium and Mg-Al Alloy from Magnesia by Using the Closed Microwave Aluminothermic Method

Zhang

Wang

Niu

et al. 2023

Metals

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Herein, we report a novel approach to obtaining magnesium and nanocrystal Mg-Al alloy from magnesia using a closed microwave aluminothermic method in order to solve the problems of high energy consumption, high pollution, and low productivity in the process of magnesium and its alloy production. The main idea of the paper is to design a technique for the preparation of magnesium–aluminum alloy during the reduction process of MgO directly under atmospheric pressure. Based on this experimental idea, we have established a closed microwave aluminothermic reduction reactor. The great advantage of the reaction device is that it can make the reaction material heat up quickly to the reaction temperature in the microwave heating process and produce high-pressure magnesium vapor, which reacts with aluminum dramatically to form Mg-Al alloy under microwave irradiation. By the calculation of the electromagnetic field of the reaction device and sample using ANSYS electronics desktop 2018, the optimum microwave heating conditions for samples have been established. Based on the calculation results, we demonstrate that magnesium and its alloy are prepared successfully by using this method. In addition, the reduction rate of MgO is greatly improved, which is higher up to 79.97 Wt% when the reduction time is 30 min, at 1273 K, and the Mg2Al3 and MgAl alloy is formed during the reduction process as well. Moreover, the formation mechanism of Mg-Al alloy during the reduction process under microwave irradiation was discussed further. Our findings could provide a new approach, insights, and research directions to obtain magnesium and Mg-Al alloy directly from magnesia under normal pressure.

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Section: Thermodynamic Analysis Of the Reduction Reactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Novel Approach to Prepare Magnesium and Mg-Al Alloy from Magnesia by Using the Closed Microwave Aluminothermic Method

Zhang

Wang

Niu

et al. 2023

Metals

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“…Elements that met these criteria and are proven to be responsible for increasing flammability resistance are mainly rare-earth metals (RE) such as Y, Gd, Nd, Er [ 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 ]. Adding these elements also improves the mechanical properties [ 9 , 11 ]. On the other hand, because of their high price, it is advisable to use only a limited concentration of these elements.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Ultrafine-Grain Mg-Gd/Nd-Y-Ca Alloys with an Increased Ignition Temperature

et al. 2023

Self Cite

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Two novel ignition-resistant magnesium alloys, Mg-2Gd-2Y-1Ca and Mg-2Nd-1Y-1Ca, were prepared in the ultrafine-grain condition by equal channel angular pressing (ECAP). In addition, four commercial alloys—AZ31, AX41, AE42 and WE43—were prepared similarly as a reference. The microstructure, mechanical properties and ignition temperature were thoroughly investigated. Both novel alloys exhibited a mean grain size of ~1 µm and dense distribution of small secondary phase particles. The mechanical strength measured by the tensile deformation test showed that the novel alloys are much stronger (~290 MPa) than all commercial alloys except WE43. However, Ca segregation into the grain boundaries caused a significant decrease in ductility (<6%). The ignition temperature of the novel alloys (~950 °C) was considerably improved by the presence of Gd/Nd, Y and Ca. This study showed that both novel alloys exhibit high strength and high ignition temperature in the ultrafine-grain condition.

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“…However, the poor ductility of polycrystalline Mg (resulting from the HCP crystal structure with few slip systems) and their relatively lower strength compared to other competing alloys are the major obstacles in this regard. The research community has addressed these issues via alloying [4][5][6], heat treatment [7][8][9], thermomechanical processing [10][11][12][13], severe plastic deformation [14][15][16], and introducing reinforcing particles [17][18][19][20]. In fact, the properties of Mg-based alloys and composites are controlled by the fabrication method, morphology and volume fraction of reinforcements, the grain size of the matrix, and secondary thermomechanical processing [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructure and mechanical properties of as-cast and wrought Mg–Ni in-situ formed alloys

Maleki

Jamei

Emamy

et al. 2023

Materials Science and Technology

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The effects of nickel addition to magnesium in the hypoeutectic range were investigated in the as-cast and extruded conditions. At low Ni content of 5 wt-%, the grain-boundary eutectics were present in the grain refined α-Mg matrix; while at high Ni content of 15 wt-%, the eutectic constituent became the matrix of the alloy with the appearance of α-Mg rosettes. The addition of Ni up to 15 wt-% led to a significant enhancement of the strength-ductility balance. Moreover, the formation of long Mg2Ni particles at the boundaries of eutectic colonies was explained based on the cooling curve thermal analysis results. Furthermore, remarkable grain refinement by dynamic recrystallisation (DRX) and fragmentation/dispersion of intermetallic particles during hot extrusion led to the improvement of tensile strength, ductility, and toughness.

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Novel magnesium alloy containing Y, Gd and Ca with enhanced ignition temperature and mechanical properties for aviation applications

Cited by 29 publications

References 35 publications

Novel Approach to Prepare Magnesium and Mg-Al Alloy from Magnesia by Using the Closed Microwave Aluminothermic Method

Novel Approach to Prepare Magnesium and Mg-Al Alloy from Magnesia by Using the Closed Microwave Aluminothermic Method

Novel Ultrafine-Grain Mg-Gd/Nd-Y-Ca Alloys with an Increased Ignition Temperature

Microstructure and mechanical properties of as-cast and wrought Mg–Ni in-situ formed alloys

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