Novel Markers for Early Diagnosis and Prognostic Classification in Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma

Băetu, Mara; Dobrescu, Ruxandra

doi:10.4183/aeb.2017.519

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Measurement of serum calcitonin has been used as an important tumor marker in patients with MTC. However, consensus on its role in the evaluation of a thyroid nodule remains elusive [ 20 ]. Studies have reported negative calcitonin in nonsecretory MTC [ 21 ], indicating that normal serum calcitonin does not exclude the presence of MTC [ 22 , 23 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unexpected Pathogenic RET p.V804M Variant Leads to the Clinical Diagnosis and Management of Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma

et al. 2020

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unexpected Pathogenic RET p.V804M Variant Leads to the Clinical Diagnosis and Management of Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma

et al. 2020

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“…Chemoembolization with adriamycin may be efficient in large liver metastases. Kinase inhibitors of tumor cells (RET and other kinases) or of endothelial cells (VEGFR) such as Cabozantinib or Vadentanib may be efficient in selected cases of progressive disease and should be used as first line intention (22,23). MTC is an immunologically active tumor and has a specific immune profile which may be therapeutically targeted.…”

Section: Novelties In the Medical Therapy For Mtcmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calcitonin Revisited in 2020

2019

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Calcitonin (CT) is a polypeptidic hormone specifically secreted by the thyroid parafollicular cells (C cells) and tangentially involved in human phosphocalcic and bone metabolism. CT from other species (e.g. salmon) is more potent than human CT and has limited therapeutic applications. The neoplastic proliferation of C cells leads to medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) generally characterized by an increase of CT secretion. Serum CT is therefore the ideal marker for MTC and can confirm its presence at an early stage, as well as the follow up of its remission or progression/relapse/survival after surgery. There are, however, controversies such as the necessity of CT screening in patients with thyroid nodules, or particular situations causing false positive or false negative results. Our minireview also deals with an up-to-date of surgical procedures for MTC, as well as with non-surgical therapy.

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“…There are even controversies about CT measurement in the screening of a thyroid nodule/polynodular goitre. Despite the fact that American Thyroid Association (ATA) has not disclosed a statement for or against CT measurement in thyroid nodule(s) screening, some authors have stressed out that CT dosage is important for an early diagnosis of MTC [2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. More than that, some studies reported that CT dosage has a greater diagnostic sensitivity and specificity than FNAB [1,9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thresholds of Basal- and Calcium-Stimulated Calcitonin for Diagnosis of Thyroid Malignancy

et al. 2021

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Since medullary thyroid carcinoma is an aggressive cancer, it is important to have an early detection based on stimulated calcitonin (CT), especially when basal-CT is slightly elevated. The objective of this work was to set specific thresholds for basal-CT- and calcium-stimulated calcitonin for prediction of thyroid malignancy in female population. The study included 2 groups: group A-women with elevated basal-CT (>9.82 pg/ml) and group B-women with normal basal-CT (control group). After calcium stimulation test precise protocol, histopathological reports of those that required surgery were correlated with both basal and stimulated calcitonin. The best basal and stimulated calcitonin cut-offs for distinguishing female patients with medullary thyroid carcinoma or C-Cell-hyperplasia from other pathologies or normal cases were: 12.9 pg/ml, respectively 285.25 pg/ml. For basal-CT above 30 pg/ml, malignancy was diagnosed in 9/9 patients (100%): 9 MTC. For stimulated calcitonin above 300 pg/ml, malignancy was diagnosed in 17/21 patients (80.95%): 12 MTC and 5 papillary thyroid carcinomas. The smallest nodule that proved to be medullary thyroid carcinoma had only 0.56/0.34/0.44 cm on ultrasound, with no other sonographic suspicious criteria. In conclusion, we have identified in Romanian female population basal and stimulated calcitonin thresholds to discriminate medullary thyroid carcinoma or C-Cell-hyperplasia from other cases. We recommend thyroid surgery in all women with stimulated calcitonin above 285 pg/ml. Further studies on larger groups are necessary to establish and confirm male and female cut-offs for early diagnosis of medullary thyroid carcinoma, and interestingly, maybe for macro-papillary thyroid carcinomas alike. The calcium administration has minimum side-effects, but continuous cardiac monitoring is required.

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Novel Markers for Early Diagnosis and Prognostic Classification in Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma

Cited by 5 publications

References 29 publications

Unexpected Pathogenic RET p.V804M Variant Leads to the Clinical Diagnosis and Management of Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma

Unexpected Pathogenic RET p.V804M Variant Leads to the Clinical Diagnosis and Management of Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma

Calcitonin Revisited in 2020

Thresholds of Basal- and Calcium-Stimulated Calcitonin for Diagnosis of Thyroid Malignancy

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