Novel methods for synthesis of high‐impact polystyrene with bimodal distribution of rubber particle size

Li, Daishuang; Peng, Jing; Zhai, Maolin; Qiao, Jinliang; Zhang, Xiaohong; Wei, Genshuan

doi:10.1002/app.24624

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Obviously, the differences of high-cis and low-cis PB rubbers play an important role in toughening polymer materials. Although this issue had been investigated in HIPS [15][16][17], there are few pertinent reports in ABS resin. Hayes and Futamura merely studied the kinetics and mechanism of polymerization of St and AN in the presence of low-cis PB rubber [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of rubber types on synthesis, morphology, and properties of ABS resins

Zhao

et al. 2009

Polymer Engineering & Sci

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A series of acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) copolymers were prepared using lithium-catalyzed low-cis rubber (PB700A), nickel-catalyzed high-cis rubber (BR9004), and their compounded rubber (PB700A/ BR9004 = 50:50) as toughening agents through bulk polymerization. The effects of molecular structures of rubbers on the dissolving and grafting process of them were investigated. The structure and properties of ABS resins were characterized with FTIR, TEM, and performance measurements. It is shown that the characteristics of rubbers affect their dissolving state and grafting reaction and consequently influence the morphology and properties of ABS materials. BR9004 promotes the formation of irregular microsized rubber particles with special ''salami''-like structure and, therefore, presents better mechanical properties. PB700A has much higher 1,2-isomers, which benefits its dispersion and grafting reaction; its toughening effect, however, is unsatisfactory and can be improved by the incorporation of BR9004. FIG. 4. TEM micrographs of ABS-1 toughened by low-cis PB700A (a) bar ¼ 2 lm and (b) bar ¼ 0.5 lm.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of rubber types on synthesis, morphology, and properties of ABS resins

Zhao

et al. 2009

Polymer Engineering & Sci

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“…The impact strength of HIPS tended to increase with increasing rubber content. For instance, the impact strength of HIPS at the rubber content of 15% was 166.2 J/m, which was about four times as large as that at the rubber content of 5%, where the lower impact strength might be due to the formation of relatively small rubber particles (<500 nm) at low rubber content of 5% [17,18,19]. As the rubber content increased from 5% to 10%, the tensile strength at break hardly changed and stayed about 17 MPa.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and Properties of In-Situ Bulk High Impact Polystyrene Toughened by High cis-1,4 Polybutadiene

Wang

Chang

et al. 2019

Polymers

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A series of high impact polystyrenes (HIPS) were successfully prepared by in-situ bulk polymerization. Selective polymerization of butadiene (Bd) in styrene (St) was achieved by using a neodymium bis(2-ethylhexanol)phosphonate/diisobutyl aluminum hydride/diethylaluminum chloride (Nd(P507)3/Al(i-Bu)2H/AlEt2Cl) catalyst, affording a prepolymer with high cis-1,4 content of 96.6% and extremely low styrene content of 1.01%. The prepolymer solution was further subjected to the radical polymerization of styrene to produce HIPS. The impact strength of HIPS increased from 48.5 to 166.2 J/m, with an increase of rubber content from 5% to 15%, whereas the tensile strength at break decreased from 17 to 12.5 MPa. Moreover, the impact strength and the tensile strength at break of HIPS increased from 72.4 J/m to 120.6 J/m and 13.2 to 16 MPa, respectively, as the initiator concentration decreased from 0.05% to 0.01%. HIPS showed the highest impact strength of 84.8 J·m−1 and displayed well “salami” morphology when using a trifunctional 3,6,9-triethyl-3,6,9-trimethyl-1,4,7-triperoxonane initiator.

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“…HIPS with bimodal PSD has been also reported by using the in situ pre-polymerization process, that basically consists in polymerizing a St solution containing 2 dissolved (or dispersed) rubbers. In this sense, Li et al (2008) used an ultrafine full-vulcanized SBR and PB powdered as the rubber source, resulting in HIPS with a rubber population of dot type particles of around 100 nm in diameters and other population of salami type particles with diameters around 1.5 μm. Unfortunately, only the synthesis strategy is reported without any mention of mechanical properties, specifically the impact strength.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis strategies in the preparation of high impact polystyrene with different type of particles as the dispersed phase, towards a balance between impact strength and gloss

Enríquez-Medrano¹,

Acuña²,

Morales³

2020

Braz. J. Chem. Eng.

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Three different synthesis strategies based on the in situ pre-polymerization process were employed in order to obtain High Impact Polystyrene (HIPS) with different type (morphology and size) of particles as the dispersed phase, achieved by the use of two styrene-butadiene rubbers (SBR) in the initial recipes. The rubbers used were tapered polystyrene/polybutadiene copolymers with a polystyrene/polybutadiene composition of 10/90 and 40/60 wt%. Results were discussed in terms of physical-chemical, morphological, mechanical and optical parameters. A combination of two or three types of particle morphologies, i.e. salami, core-shell and droplets in the same sample were evidenced by Transmission Electron Microscopy analysis, independently of the strategy employed. The grafting degree, volume fraction of the dispersed phase and impact strength were positively affected by the increase of the amount of 10/90 SBR in the recipe. Several HIPS samples showed a good balance between impact strength and gloss, particularly those obtained from the strategy herein named as melt blending.

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Novel methods for synthesis of high‐impact polystyrene with bimodal distribution of rubber particle size

Cited by 14 publications

References 14 publications

Effect of rubber types on synthesis, morphology, and properties of ABS resins

Effect of rubber types on synthesis, morphology, and properties of ABS resins

Synthesis and Properties of In-Situ Bulk High Impact Polystyrene Toughened by High cis-1,4 Polybutadiene

Synthesis strategies in the preparation of high impact polystyrene with different type of particles as the dispersed phase, towards a balance between impact strength and gloss

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