Novel methods of tritium production rate measurements in HCLL TBM mock-up experiment with liquid scintillation technique

Pohorecki, W.; Kuc, Tadeusz; Ostachowicz, Beata; Bilski, P.

doi:10.1016/j.fusengdes.2011.01.063

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The TLDs of size 3.2 × 3.2 × 0.9 mm 3 were irradiated in combinations of (c) Tritium self-irradiation (TSI). Furthermore, the TSI method, applied by AGH [16], was also used, based on the measurement of total energy deposited in TLD-100 by decaying tritium nuclei. LiF TLDs are commonly used for measurements of thermal neutron dose using the 6 Li(n,α)t reaction.…”

Section: Tritium Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both Li 2 CO 3 powder and LiF (TLDs) samples were also irradiated in the reactor thermal neutron field as reference materials. The resulting tritium activity was measured in LiF and Li 2 CO 3 with the use of the LSC method, and in the Pb-Li samples using the newly developed procedure described in section 3.2 [16]. From the measured tritium activity, the 6 Li content in the Pb-Li samples could then be derived (no tritium is produced from 7 Li in a thermal neutron field).…”

Section: Materials Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Neutronics experiments for uncertainty assessment of tritium breeding in HCPB and HCLL blanket mock-ups irradiated with 14 MeV neutrons

Batistoni¹,

Angelone²,

Fischer³

et al. 2012

Nucl. Fusion

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Two neutronics experiments have been carried out at 14 MeV neutron sources on mock-ups of the helium cooled pebble bed (HCBP) and the helium cooled lithium lead (HCLL) variants of ITER test blanket modules (TBMs). These experiments have provided an experimental validation of the calculations of the tritium production rate (TPR) in the two blanket concepts and an assessment of the uncertainties due to the uncertainties on nuclear data. This paper provides a brief summary of the HCPB experiment and then focuses in particular on the final results of the HCLL experiment. The TPR has been measured in the HCLL mock-up irradiated for long times at the Frascati 14 MeV Neutron Generator (FNG). Redundant and well-assessed experimental techniques have been used to measure the TPR by different teams for inter-comparison. Measurements of the neutron and gamma-ray spectra have also been performed. The analysis of the experiment, carried out by the MCNP code with FENDL-2.1 and JEFF-3.1.1 nuclear data libraries, and also including sensitivity/uncertainty analysis, shows good agreement between measurements and calculations, within the total uncertainty of 5.9% at 1σ level.

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Section: Tritium Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Materials Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neutronics experiments for uncertainty assessment of tritium breeding in HCPB and HCLL blanket mock-ups irradiated with 14 MeV neutrons

Batistoni¹,

Angelone²,

Fischer³

et al. 2012

Nucl. Fusion

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“…In the scope of the fusion for energy (F4E) project of the European Commission, a first series of measurements was performed at the JSI TRIGA [10] reactor in 2014 [11]. Aluminium foils containing 1% manganese (Al-1%Mn) or 0.1% gold (Al-0.1%Au) were irradiated in the JSI TRIGA thermal reactor, together with LiF (TLD) and LiPb samples, with the principal objective of studying the energy response of the 55 Mn(n,γ) 56 Mn reaction as well as the correlation between the 55 Mn(n,γ) 56 Mn reaction rates and the tritium production rates in LiF and LiPb.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Aluminium foils containing 1% manganese (Al-1%Mn) or 0.1% gold (Al-0.1%Au) were irradiated in the JSI TRIGA thermal reactor, together with LiF (TLD) and LiPb samples, with the principal objective of studying the energy response of the 55 Mn(n,γ) 56 Mn reaction as well as the correlation between the 55 Mn(n,γ) 56 Mn reaction rates and the tritium production rates in LiF and LiPb. Some inconsistencies were observed between the measured and calculated tritium activity for LiF (TLD) and LiPb samples which were encapsulated in Pyrex glass vials; these were probably caused by the presence of boron in the glass [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Activation of Mn, Li₂O and LiF in the JSI TRIGA reactor to study potential tritium production monitors for fusion applications

et al. 2019

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Two series of measurements were performed in the JSI TRIGA research reactor in 2014 and 2017 to validate the 55Mn(n,γ)56Mn cross-sections and experimentally investigate the relationship between the 55Mn(n,γ)56Mn reaction and the rate of tritium production through the 6Li(n,t)4He reaction. Indeed, previously observed similarities between the sensitivity profiles of the neutron reaction of tritium production on lithium, 6Li(n,t)4He, and those of the 55Mn(n,γ)56Mn reaction in tritium breeder modules indicated that the latter reaction could be used as an effective monitor of tritium production, at least for short-term monitoring (the half-life of 56Mn being 2.579 h). However, experimental verification, improvements and validation of the 55Mn(n,γ)56Mn cross-sections are needed in order to meet the required accuracy. Foils of certified reference material Al–1%Mn, as well as LiF thermoluminescent detectors and Li2O samples were irradiated, both bare and under cadmium, to study the potential use of the 55Mn(n,γ)56Mn reaction for monitoring tritium production in fusion devices. Additionally, Al–0.1%Au was also irradiated for comparison, the 197Au(n,γ)198Au reaction cross-section being a standard. In order to obtain complementary information for data validation purposes, the irradiations were performed in positions within the JSI TRIGA reactor with different neutron spectra, i.e. in the central channel, the pneumatic tube and the F19 position, both in the outer ‘F’ ring of the reactor core and in the IC-40 irradiation channel located in the graphite reflector surrounding the reactor core. Bare and cadmium-covered irradiations were needed to subtract the contribution of epithermal neutrons to the 55Mn(n,γ)56Mn reaction. Calculations of the reaction rates were performed using the Monte Carlo code MCNP6.1 with a detailed model of the JSI TRIGA reactor, with the samples, the irradiation capsules and covers being modelled explicitly. The uncertainties involved in the measurements and the calculations were carefully evaluated. The principal objective was to study the energy response and correlations between the 55Mn(n,γ)56Mn reaction in irradiated Al–1%Mn and the 6Li(n,t)4He reaction in irradiated LiF and Li2O. Good consistency between the measured and calculated 55Mn(n,γ)56Mn and 197Au(n,γ)198Au reaction rates, in most cases within the uncertainty bars, was observed.

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“…It is a much more reliable calibration, than that with the use of an isotopic since it reproduces the shape of the neutron energy spectrum from D-T plasmas. Neutronic experiments, related to ITER and fusion power plant research, with mock-up of the European helium-cooled lithium-lead (HCLL) test blanket module (TBM) are realized at a D-T neutron generator [11] as well as other irradiation experiments in 14 MeV neutron fields (e.g. [12][13][14][15] ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Upgrade of the IGN-14 neutron generator for research on detection of fusion-plasma products

Igielski

Kurowski

Janik

et al. 2015

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A:

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Novel methods of tritium production rate measurements in HCLL TBM mock-up experiment with liquid scintillation technique

Cited by 12 publications

References 4 publications

Neutronics experiments for uncertainty assessment of tritium breeding in HCPB and HCLL blanket mock-ups irradiated with 14 MeV neutrons

Neutronics experiments for uncertainty assessment of tritium breeding in HCPB and HCLL blanket mock-ups irradiated with 14 MeV neutrons

Activation of Mn, Li₂O and LiF in the JSI TRIGA reactor to study potential tritium production monitors for fusion applications

Upgrade of the IGN-14 neutron generator for research on detection of fusion-plasma products

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Novel methods of tritium production rate measurements in HCLL TBM mock-up experiment with liquid scintillation technique

Cited by 12 publications

References 4 publications

Neutronics experiments for uncertainty assessment of tritium breeding in HCPB and HCLL blanket mock-ups irradiated with 14 MeV neutrons

Neutronics experiments for uncertainty assessment of tritium breeding in HCPB and HCLL blanket mock-ups irradiated with 14 MeV neutrons

Activation of Mn, Li2O and LiF in the JSI TRIGA reactor to study potential tritium production monitors for fusion applications

Upgrade of the IGN-14 neutron generator for research on detection of fusion-plasma products

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Activation of Mn, Li₂O and LiF in the JSI TRIGA reactor to study potential tritium production monitors for fusion applications