Novel Methods to Address Antimicrobial Resistance

Sandle, Tim

doi:10.15226/sojmid.2013.00111

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…This has arisen due to the overprescribing of unnecessary antibiotics and other antimicrobials; as a consequence of bacterial resistance, arising to antimicrobial compound (Sandle, 2014). Medicinal plants remain a major of potentially useful structures for the development of new chemotherapeutic agents (Fouchea et al, 2008).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vitro Cytotoxicity and Antibacterial Evaluation of Aqueous, Methanolic and Ethanolic Extracts of Anastatica hierochuntica against Pathogenic Bacteria

Sobeai¹

2016

Int. J. Curr. Res. Biosci. Plant Biol.

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A b s t r a c t A r t i c l e I n f oThe cytotoxic effect of Anastatica hierochuntica was evaluated in vitro using Vero cell lines, characterized by identification of cellular alterations microscopically and cellular viability colorimetrically. The mean CC 50 value of methanol, ethanol, and aqueous extract were lower than 1000 µg/ml. The antibacterial activity of ethanol, methanol and aqueous extracts of A. hierochuntica was evaluated using agar well diffusion method against 10 bacterial pathogens. All the extracts showed substantial antibacterial activity against the selected pathogens. The methanolic extract showed highest inhibition zone followed by the aqueous and ethanolic extract. Among the bacterial pathogens, L. monocytogenes was more resistant towards and ethanol extract. Although, other tested bacteria were susceptible towards aqueous ethanol and methanol extract. However, methanol extract was effective against the tested pathogens, when compared with the other extracts. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) ranged from 15-50 mg/ml to inhibit the growth of the tested bacteria. The results show that the plant contains bioactive components which can inhibit the bacterial pathogens which can be further purified and used against the multi-drug resistant bacteria.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vitro Cytotoxicity and Antibacterial Evaluation of Aqueous, Methanolic and Ethanolic Extracts of Anastatica hierochuntica against Pathogenic Bacteria

Sobeai¹

2016

Int. J. Curr. Res. Biosci. Plant Biol.

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“…This is not, the only antibiotic to be discovered and given approval recently. In 2014, two compounds were approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) [6]. These are Dalvance, which is an intravenous drug that can treat skin and soft tissue infections.…”

Section: Teixobactin: a New Class Of Antibioticmentioning

confidence: 99%

Teixobactin: A New Class of Antibiotic

Sandle¹

2015

SOJMID

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“…Sterility test according to the Standard can be done using 2 methods, a direct inoculation (immersion) and membrane filtration. Sample is aseptically added into culture media for growing bacteria and fungi, and incubating for at least 14 days in 30-35C and 20-25C respectively [9][10][11][12][13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Radioactivity of Technetium-99m on the Autosterilization Process of non-sterile Tetrofosmin Kits

Widyastuti

Lestari

Sangaji

2017

J. Pure App. Chem. Res.

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Technetium-99m labeled radiopharmaceutical is commonly used in nuclear medicines as a diagnostic agent, by mixing the sterile kit with Tc-99m. Manufacturing of kits requires an aseptic facility which need to be well designed and maintained according to cGMP, since mostly kits can not be terminally sterilized. Radiopharmaceuticals as pharmaceuticals containing radionuclide is assumed to have an autosterilization property, but correlation between radioactivity and capability of killing microorganisms has to be studied so far. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of radioactivity on the autosterilization process of radiopharmaceuticals. The study was carried out by adding Tc-99m of various radioactivity into non-sterile tetrofosmin kits, then the samples were tested for sterility. Sterile tetrofosmin kit and non-sterile kit with no Tc-99m added will be used as a negative control and positive control respectively. The sterility was tested using standard direct inoculation method, by inoculating samples in culture media for both bacteria and fungi and observing qualitatively within 14 days. The results showed that the samples with radioactivity of 1, 3 and 5 mCi changed the clarity of the media to turbid, conformed with the performance of positive controls but samples with radioactivity of 10 mCi and 20 mCi did not change the clarity of the media, conformed with the performance of negative control, indicating neither growth of bacteria nor fungi. It is concluded that Tc-99m behaves as an autosterilizing agent at certain radioactivity. Therefore the preparation of Tc99m radiopharmaceutical can be considered as terminal sterilization rather than aseptic preparation.

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Novel Methods to Address Antimicrobial Resistance

Cited by 9 publications

References 7 publications

In Vitro Cytotoxicity and Antibacterial Evaluation of Aqueous, Methanolic and Ethanolic Extracts of Anastatica hierochuntica against Pathogenic Bacteria

In Vitro Cytotoxicity and Antibacterial Evaluation of Aqueous, Methanolic and Ethanolic Extracts of Anastatica hierochuntica against Pathogenic Bacteria

Teixobactin: A New Class of Antibiotic

Effect of Radioactivity of Technetium-99m on the Autosterilization Process of non-sterile Tetrofosmin Kits

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