Novel multi-sugar assay for site-specific gastrointestinal permeability analysis: A randomized controlled crossover trial

Wijck, Kim van; Verlinden, Thomas J.M.; Eijk, Hans M.H. van; Dekker, Jan; Buurman, Wim A.; Dejong, Cornelis H. C.; Lenaerts, Kaatje

doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2012.06.014

Cited by 103 publications

(141 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Conversely, analysis of urine collected at 2 hours did not show any differences, both of which agrees with previous works (van Wijck et al 2011). It has been suggested that the use of plasma and serum samples increases the detection sensitivity, thus reducing the need for large oral doses (van Wijck et al 2013b), and reduces the collection time (Fleming et al 1996). We show here that serum sampling is a more time efficient method of assessing GI permeability and we were able to detect increases in permeability 2 hours after probe ingestion but were not able to using urine sampling over the same time course.…”

Section: Fabpsupporting

confidence: 80%

Acute high-intensity interval running increases markers of gastrointestinal damage and permeability but not gastrointestinal symptoms

Pugh

Impey

Doran

et al. 2017

Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab.

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Purpose To investigate the effects of high-intensity interval (HIIT) running on markers of gastrointestinal (GI) damage and permeability alongside subjective symptoms of GI discomfort. Methods Eleven male runners completed an acute bout of HIIT (eighteen 400 m runs at 120% O2max ) where markers of GI permeability, intestinal damage and GI discomfort symptoms were assessed and compared with resting significantly increased (p < 0.001) during and in the recovery period from HIIT whereas no changes were observed during rest. Mild-symptoms of GI discomfort, were reported immediately-and 24 h post-HIIT, although these symptoms did not correlate to GI permeability or I-FABP. Conclusion Acute HIIT increased GI permeability and intestinal I-FABP release, although these do not correlate with symptoms of GI discomfort. Furthermore, by using serum sampling, we provide data showing that it is possible to detect changes in intestinal permeability that is not observed using urinary sampling over a shorter timeperiod.

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Section: Fabpsupporting

confidence: 80%

Acute high-intensity interval running increases markers of gastrointestinal damage and permeability but not gastrointestinal symptoms

Pugh

Impey

Doran

et al. 2017

Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab.

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“…Lactulose, rhamnose and mannitol sugars have been validated in rats (Ruan et al, 2014), pigs (Wijtten et al, 2011) and humans (Cox et al, 1999;van Wijck et al, 2013;Tran et al, 2015), and could be applied to chickens. Lactulose, a high molecular weight (342 Da) sugar, traverses the epithelium paracellular, through the TJs of enterocytes in small quantities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Rhamnose and mannitol are lower molecular weight (182 Da) sugars which are transcellular absorbed directly into the blood. Increased lactulose to rhamnose (van Wijck et al, 2013;Tran et al, 2015) or L/M ratio (Araujo et al, 2015;Shaikh et al, 2015) due to increased permeability of lactulose and reduced absorbance of rhamnose or mannitol (due to damaged surface area for absorption) represents a biomarker of increased IP.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intestinal permeability induced by lipopolysaccharide and measured by lactulose, rhamnose and mannitol sugars in chickens

Gilani

Howarth

Kitessa

et al. 2017

Animal

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Increased intestinal permeability (IP) can lead to compromised health. Limited in vivo IP research has been conducted in chickens.The objectives of the current study were to develop a model of increased IP utilizing lipopolysaccharide (LPS Escherichia coli O55: B5) and to evaluate IP changes using the lactulose, mannitol and rhamnose (LMR) sugar permeability test. In addition, fluorescein isothiocyanate dextran (FITC-d), D-lactate, zonula occludens (ZO-1) and diamine oxidase (DAO) permeability tests were employed. Male Ross chickens were reared until day 14 on the floor in an animal care facility and then transferred to individual cages in three separate experiments. In each of experiments 1 and 2, 36 chicks were randomly allocated to receive either saline (control) or LPS (n = 18/group). Lactulose, mannitol and rhamnose sugar concentration in blood was measured at 0, 30, 60, 90, 120 and 180 min in experiment 1, at 60, 90 and 120 min in experiment 2 and at 90 min in experiment 3 (n = 16/group). Lipopolysaccharide was injected intraperitoneally at doses of 0.5, 1 and 1 mg/kg BW in experiments 1, 2 and 3, respectively, on days 16, 18 and 20, whereas control received sterile saline. On day 21, only birds in experiments 1 and 2 were fasted for 19.5 h. Chicks were orally gavaged with the LMR sugars (0.25 gL, 0.05 gM, 0.05 gR/bird) followed by blood collection (from the brachial vein) as per time point for each experiment. Only in experiment 3, were birds given an additional oral gavage of FITC-d (2.2 mg/ml per bird) 60 min after the first gavage. Plasma D-lactate, ZO-1 and DAO concentrations were also determined by ELISA in experiment 3 (n = 10). Administration of LPS did not affect IP as measured by the LMR sugar test compared with control. This was also confirmed by FITC-d and DAO levels in experiment 3 ( P > 0.05). The plasma levels of D-lactate were decreased ( P < 0.05). Plasma levels of ZO-1 were increased in the third experiment only and did not change in the first two experiments. Lipopolysaccharide at doses of 0.5 and 1 mg/kg did not increase IP in this model system. In conclusion, the LMR sugar can be detected in blood 90 min after the oral gavage. Further studies are needed for the applicability of LMR sugars tests.Keywords: lactulose, rhamnose, mannitol, lipopolysaccharide, FITC-d ImplicationsIncreased intestinal permeability (IP) can lead to health disorders and reduced feed efficiency in chickens. We aimed to develop a model of increased IP by administering gramnegative bacterial toxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to chickens. This model could then be applied in an attempt to develop a new lactulose, mannitol and rhamnose (LMR) sugar permeability method to determine IP. An established model of increased IP and novel biomarkers to monitor IP changes could be applied to the study of nutritional interventions aimed at improving the health and welfare of chickens.However, further research is required to determine the optimal LPS dose.

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“…see table 1 in Krause et al, 2008) and consequently there have been decades of research on the best ways to clinically measure it (e.g. van Wijck et al, 2013). There are active bodies of research on the best models for predicting paracellular drug absorption (e.g.…”

Section: Paracellular Absorption: Beyond Glucose Transportmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrative physiology of transcellular and paracellular intestinal absorption

Karasov

2017

Journal of Experimental Biology

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Glucose absorption by the small intestine has been studied for nearly a century. Despite extensive knowledge about the identity, functioning and regulation of the relevant transporters, there has been and there remains controversy about how these transporters work in concert to determine the overall epithelial absorption of key nutrients (e.g. sugars, amino acids) over a wide range of dietary and/ or luminal concentrations. Our broader, integrative understanding of intestinal absorption requires more than the reductionist dissection of all the components and their elaboration at molecular and genetic levels. This Commentary emphasizes the integration of discrete molecular players and processes (including paracellular absorption) that, in combination, determine the overall epithelial absorption of key nutrients (e.g. sugars, amino acids) and putative anti-nutrients (watersoluble toxins), and the integration of that absorption with other downstream processes related to metabolic demands. It identifies historic key advances, controversies and future research ideas, as well as important perspectives that arise through comparative as well as biomedical physiological research.

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Novel multi-sugar assay for site-specific gastrointestinal permeability analysis: A randomized controlled crossover trial

Cited by 103 publications

References 37 publications

Acute high-intensity interval running increases markers of gastrointestinal damage and permeability but not gastrointestinal symptoms

Acute high-intensity interval running increases markers of gastrointestinal damage and permeability but not gastrointestinal symptoms

Intestinal permeability induced by lipopolysaccharide and measured by lactulose, rhamnose and mannitol sugars in chickens

Integrative physiology of transcellular and paracellular intestinal absorption

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