Novel nano-crystalline Er2O3 hydrogen isotopes permeation barriers

Thermochemically synthesized α‐Al2O3 composite coating with high bonding strength and deuterium permeation resistance

“…Figure 7D compares the PRF achieved in this work with that of other coatings tested at 400 and 450 • C as reported previously. 5,[43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50] It is intriguing to find that PRF of the α-Al 2 O 3 /AlPO 4 coating significantly exceeds the value of the coatings reported in the literatures that is almost below 1000. One reason for the big advancement of deuterium resistance is the compact structure of the coating as evidenced in the aforementioned analysis.…”

“…4 This important function of HPB makes it vital for the development and usage of nuclear fusion energy. 5 As hydrogen isotopes penetrate much more slowly in ceramics than in steels, ceramic coatings have been considered the promising HPB. 6,7 Various ceramic materials have been tried for reducing hydrogen isotope permeation, such as Al 2 O 3 , Cr 2 O 3 , Er 2 O 3 , ZrO 2 , Y 2 O 3 , SiC, TiC, and TiN.…”

“…Developing hydrogen permeation barrier (HPB) on the surface of structural materials is an effective way to prevent hydrogen isotopes from permeation and leakage 4 . This important function of HPB makes it vital for the development and usage of nuclear fusion energy 5 …”

Layer-structured Cr/CrxN coating via electroplating-based nitridation achieving high deuterium resistance as the hydrogen permeation barrier

“…References [5][6][7][8] have been conducted toward seeking suitable materials for hydrogen permeation reduction. Metal oxide coatings such as Al 2 O 3 [9,10], Cr 2 O 3 [11,12], Er 2 O 3 [13,14], Y 2 O 3 [15,16], and their composites [17,18] have been fabricated as potential hydrogen permeation barriers. Whereas, damages are easily generated in these oxide coatings during thermal cycling, because of the big difference in thermal expansion coefficient between oxides and the steel substrate, which inevitably cause the coating failing [19].…”

Deuterium permeation in Er$_2$O$_3$ thin film fabricated on a type 316L stainless steel substrate

“…However, in the recent years, Er 2 O 3 film has been suggested to be a good candidate [2,3] for replacing Al 2 O 3 film as a permeation barrier, because an Er 2 O 3 film can be easily obtained and has a large M-O binding energy in comparison to an Al 2 O 3 film. In this regard, various Er 2 O 3 coating techniques and substrate materials are vastly adopted to improve hydrogenisotope permeation reduction [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10]. In the recent years, theoretical calculations on hydrogen permeation through grain boundaries on M-O films have been reported by using ab initio density fuctional theory, which indicated that proper analysis of the microstructures of M-O films is essential to understand of the hydrogen permeation mechanism [7].…”