Novel Nanocomposite of Chitosan-protected Platinum Nanoparticles Immobilized on Nickel Hydroxide: Facile Synthesis and Application as Glucose Electrochemical Sensor

Abstract

Novel nanocomposite of nickel hydroxide/chitosan/platinum was successfully synthesised with chitosan (CS) as a dispersing and protecting agent. Its potential application in non-enzymatic electrochemical glucose sensor was studied. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) were used to characterize the composition and morphology of this nanocomposite. The electrochemical investigations of this glucose sensor exhibited remarkable analytical performances towards the oxidation of glucose. In particular, glucose can be selectively and sensitively detected in a wide linear range from 3.0×10 −6 to 1.1×10 −2 mol•L −1 with a detection limit of 0.56±0.03 μmol•L −1 at a signal-tonoise ratio of 3 (S/N = 3). Furthermore, the Ni(OH) 2 /CS/Pt nanocomposite-modified GCE also showed an acceptable anti-interference ability and stability. Importantly, the Ni(OH) 2 /CS/Pt based sensor can be used to detect trace amount of glucose in serum samples. The results demonstrated that the Ni(OH) 2 /CS/Pt nanocomposite can be potentially useful to construct a new glucose sensing platform.

Non-enzymatic glucose sensing using a nickel hydroxide/chitosan modified screen-printed electrode incorporated into a flow injection analysis system

“…In the absence of glucose (blank), the Ni(OH) 2 /CS electrode exhibited a pair of well-defined redox peaks with the oxidation peak and reduction peak occurring at 0.50 and 0.30 V, respectively as is characteristic of a nickel based electrode. 32,37–39 These peaks can be assigned to the Ni( ii )/Ni( iii ) redox couple in alkaline medium and the reaction can be described as shown in eqn (1) and (2). In the presence of glucose, the valent NiOOH enables the oxidation of glucose to glucolactone as described in eqn (3).Ni + 2OH − → Ni(OH) 2 + 2e − Ni(OH) 2 + OH − ↔ NiOOH + H 2 O + e − NiOOH + glucose ↔ Ni(OH) 2 + glucolactone…”

“…Nickel hydroxide Ni(OH) 2 was prepared according to a previous reported procedure. 32 Briefly, 3.6 g of Ni(NO 3 ) 2 ·6H 2 O was dissolved in 25 mL of deionised water. 6 g of urea was added, and the solution was stirred for 1 h. The mix was transferred into a 25 mL Teflon-lined autoclave and was heated at 120 °C for 2 h. After which, the final products were centrifuged, washed several times with deionised water, and then dried in at 80 °C for 6 h. The obtained Ni(OH) 2 powder (20 mg) was added to 40 mL of ethanol–water (1 : 1, v/v ratio) solution and ultrasonicated for 30 min.…”

Surface-Modified Noble Metal Nanoparticles as Antimicrobial Agents: Biochemical, Molecular and Therapeutic Perspectives

“…For instance, platinum is also found to use in generating eco-friendly energy sources (Madsen et al 2011). Beside of all these, several reports have also highlighted that platinum is also beneficial for pharmaceutical industries as platinum has activity in producing bio-imaging, detecting biological molecules and modulating nanomedicine (Tanaka et al 2011;Moglianetti et al 2016;Rao et al 2016). Several physical and physio-chemical properties like, size, shape, surface structure and capping agent along with the dispersion state and stability help optimize and finally lead to formulate the desired PtNPs with specific target-based activity.…”

Bimetallic CoPt nanoparticles-modified Pt disk electrode for the amperometric sensing of ascorbic acid

“…This result demonstrated that the CoPtNPs/Pt exhibits a better electrocatalytic activity attributed to its synergistic action since it has a high surface area and an excellent conductivity to promote the electron transfer between AA analyte and bulk-electrode surface. 38 The calibration plot for CoPtNPs/Pt electrode is given in Figure 8b. The response current for AA is linear on the concentrations range (10-500 µM) with a correlation coefficient (R 2 ) of 0.998.…”