Novel osteoblast‐adhesive peptides for dental/orthopedic biomaterials

Abstract

Next generation dental/orthopedic biomaterials must be designed to enhance and support osteoblast adhesion. The osteoblasts use different ways to adhere, that is, integrin- and proteoglycan-mediated mechanisms. The present study reports on the synthesis and osteoblast-adhesive properties of peptides carrying RGD motifs and of sequences mapped on human vitronectin. Our data suggest that osteoblast adhesion on polystyrene plates modified with a linear peptide, in which the GRGDSP sequence is repeated four times, was significantly higher when compared to the adhesion obtained using branched peptides, interestingly containing the same motif. Osteoblast adhesion assays on acellular bone matrix using this active peptide gave very promising results. We also demonstrated that a novel peptide, carrying the X-B-B-B-X-B-B-X motif (where B is a basic amino acid and X is a nonbasic residue), promotes proteoglycan-mediated osteoblast adhesion more efficiently with respect to the KRSR sequence that was recently proposed as heparan-sulfate binding peptide.

Influence of substratum surface chemistry/energy and topography on the human fetal osteoblastic cell line hFOB 1.19: Phenotypic and genotypic responses observed in vitro☆

“…2 is not frequently measured, especially the early attachment phase characterized by t 1/2 and %I max, because cell-enumeration protocols are quite labor intensive (there are a variety of cell-enumeration methods available including dye techniques [67][68][69][70][71][72][73][74], autoradiography [75], light and electron microscopy [76][77][78], Coulter counting [79], hemocytometry [80], spectrometry [81,82], nuclei number [83], total DNA [84], total protein concentration [78,85] that may or may not give similar results, depending on cell number and specific experimental conditions). Instead, a variety of experimental shortcuts are taken, such as measuring attached-cell-number after some arbitrary cell-surface contact time [86][87][88][89].…”

Primary Osteintegration in the Study of Biomimetic Surfaces

“…Further investigations have been done to identify potential peptide sequences binding to membrane heparan sulfate proteoglycans by the motif XBBXBX and XBBBXBBX in vitronctin, fibronectin, sialoprotein, bone thrombospondin and osteopontin. This led to the identification of several peptides (HVP) contained in the sequence (339-364) of human vitronectin (Dettin et al, 2002). Also in this study has been shown that the new peptides identified are able to promote osteoblast adhesion via membrane proteoglycan.…”

“…In fact, the interaction between the membrane integrins and the peptide RGD does not inhibit the interaction of osteoblastic cells with the peptide KRSR (Dee et al, 1998). A significant feature of the sequence KRSR seems to be its selective action on osteoblasts; indeed has been demonstrated a significant increase of bone cells adhesion on a support patterned with this sequence, instead there were no appreciable results for endothelial and fibroblasts cells (Dettin et al, 2002). The mechanism of adhesion, mediated by integrin, is not specific to osteoblasts; in fact the sequences containing the RGD motif are able to promote the adhesion of several cell types (eg.…”

A New In Vitro Model of Breast Cancer Metastasis to Bone

“…2 is not frequently measured, especially the early attachment phase characterized by t 1/2 and %I max , because cell-enumeration protocols are quite labor intensive (there are a variety of cell-enumeration methods available including dye techniques [67][68][69][70][71][72][73][74], autoradiography [75], light and electron microscopy [76,78], Coulter counting [79], hemocytometry [80], spectrometry [81,82], nuclei number [83], total DNA [84], total protein concentration [78,85] that may or may not give similar results, depending on cell number and specific experimental conditions). Instead, a variety of experimental short cuts are taken, such as measuring attached cell number after some arbitrary cell-surface contact time [86][87][88][89].…”