“…Various techniques are introduced in the open literature to solve numerous differential equations in Mechanical Engineering. Some approaches use approximation techniques by discretizing domain and boundary conditions to solve the problem [52,[65][66][67][68][69], while more recently, due to the rapid development in neural network (NN) and machine learning, some methods such as deep neural network (DNN) [70][71][72][73], and Physics-Informed Neural Network (PINN), a DNN method integrated with the physical information of the problem, [74] have been presented for solving partial differential equations. A robust numerical procedure for solving differential equations, which is popular due to its fast convergence behavior and its precision, is the general differential quadrature (GDQ) method [75,76].…”