Novel Protein-Repellent and Antibacterial Resins and Cements to Inhibit Lesions and Protect Teeth

Abstract

Orthodontic treatment is increasingly popular as people worldwide seek esthetics and better quality of life. In orthodontic treatment, complex appliances and retainers are placed in the patients’ mouths for at least one year, which often lead to biofilm plaque accumulation. This in turn increases the caries-inducing bacteria, decreases the pH of the retained plaque on an enamel surface, and causes white spot lesions (WSLs) in enamel. This article reviews the cutting-edge research on a new class of bioactive and therapeutic dental resins, cements, and adhesives that can inhibit biofilms and protect tooth structures. The novel approaches include the use of protein-repellent and anticaries polymeric dental cements containing 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC) and dimethylaminododecyl methacrylate (DMAHDM); multifunctional resins that can inhibit enamel demineralization; protein-repellent and self-etching adhesives to greatly reduce oral biofilm growth; and novel polymethyl methacrylate resins to suppress oral biofilms and acid production. These new materials could reduce biofilm attachment, raise local biofilm pH, and facilitate the remineralization to protect the teeth. This novel class of dental resin with dual benefits of antibacterial and protein-repellent capabilities has the potential for a wide range of dental and biomedical applications to inhibit bacterial infection and protect the tissues.

Improvement in the Microbial Resistance of Resin-Based Dental Sealant by Sulfobetaine Methacrylate Incorporation

“…The marked reduction in BSA adsorption and the adsorption of proteins from the BHI medium with the increasing SB content observed in this study suggests SB-incorporated resin-based sealants can prevent the formation of such proteinaceous pellicles. Similar findings were reported in earlier studies that described the incorporation of other QAS such as dimethylaminohexadecyl methacrylate [15,23], methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine [10], and octafluoropentyl methacrylate [27]. The influence of sulfobetaine in particular has also been substantiated in earlier studies analyzing surface coatings [14,28,29], including dental varnish [10].…”

“…Moreover, dental cements and resin-based composites containing zwitterions, including methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC) and dimethylaminohexadecyl methacrylate (DMAHDM), have recently been reported. These studies have indicated that the modified resin moieties can impart an improved bacterial resistance [8,15,16]. However, the incorporation of SB into the resin base as a preventive therapy agent has rarely been reported [10].…”

Functional Coatings for Orthodontic Archwires—A Review

“…Novel polymethyl methacrylate resins are known to repel bacterial adhesion, suppress oral biofilms and acid production. Chemically stable and nonvolatile polymeric antibacterial agents exhibit antimicrobial activity by influencing and interrupting bacterial cell membranes [ 90 ].…”

Synergetic Effect of 2-Methacryloyloxyethyl Phosphorylcholine and Mesoporous Bioactive Glass Nanoparticles on Antibacterial and Anti-Demineralisation Properties in Orthodontic Bonding Agents

“…In the field of dental materials, various attempts have been made to use MPC in protein-repellent dental composites, bonding agents, cements, and coatings to remove bacterial adhesion, reduce acid production, and protect tooth structure [25][26][27][28]. According to Zhang et al, MPC can reduce the adhesion of bacteria but does not have the ability to sterilise, that is, to directly kill bacteria.…”