Novel Proteinaceous Toxins from the Box Jellyfish (Sea Wasp) Carybdea rastoni

Nagai, Hiroshi; Takuwa, Kyoko; Nakao, Masahiro; Ito, Emiko; Miyake, Masami; Noda, Masatoshi; Nakajima, Terumi

doi:10.1006/bbrc.2000.3353

Cited by 130 publications

(100 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The calculated isoelectric point for CqTX-A (8.67) indicates the basic nature of the protein, as has been previously reported for the jellyˆsh toxins, CrTXs and CaTX-A. 4,5) The deduced CqTX-A amino acid sequence had 25.2z with that of CrTXs and 21.6z homology with that of CaTX-A. The positions of three cysteines were well conserved in these three proteinaceous toxins in comparison with the other amino acids (Fig.…”

Section: Analysis Of Deduced Cqtx-a Amino Acid Sequencesupporting

confidence: 74%

“…In addition, we observed the existence of a proteinaceous toxin that was not CqTX-A in the extract of C. quadrigatus' tentacles (data not shown), but, this toxin could not be detected in the nematocysts of C. quadrigatus such as CrTX-B and CaTX-B. 4,5) Peptide mapping of CqTX-A We sequenced two CqTX-A peptide fragments: fragment A (N-terminus): EGTISSGLASLKAKID-AKRPSGKQLFDKVANMQK and fragment B: GDLFFVDGIPSQLGYGNQGYF (Fig. 2).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…1) using the modiˆed toxin isolation procedure developed for the toxins of C. rastoni and C. alata. 4,5) Most of the jellyˆsh proteinaceous toxins have been reported to be very labile. [7][8][9] However, these results conˆrm the applicability of this new method for isolating a variety of labile box jellyˆsh proteinaceous toxins in their active forms.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…CqTX-A was puriˆed from the isolated nematocysts of C. quadrigatus following the modiˆed procedure described previously for CrTXs and CaTXs. 4,5) Toxin isolation was guided by the hemolytic activity test and the crayˆsh toxicity test. The isolated nematocysts were sonicated in 10 mM phosphate buŠer (pH 6.0) for extraction.…”

Section: Sample Collection Samples Of the Box Jellyˆshmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To preserve the toxins during puriˆcation and storage, the samples were kept in a high-salt concentration buŠer at 59 C. 4) Peptide mapping of CqTX-A. The thiol group of cysteines in the CqTX-A molecule was pyridylethylated using the following methods.…”

Section: Sample Collection Samples Of the Box Jellyˆshmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Novel Protein Toxin from the Deadly Box Jellyfish (Sea Wasp, Habu-kurage)Chiropsalmus quadrigatus

Nagai¹,

Takuwa‐Kuroda²,

Nakao

et al. 2002

Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry

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The deadly box jellyˆsh (Sea Wasp, Habu-kurage in Japanese)Chiropsalmus quadrigatus Haeckel (Cubozoa) is distributed widely in the tropical Paciˆc region. In Japan, three fatal cases due to stings from this species have been reported o‹cially. We successfully isolated C. quadrigatus toxin-A (CqTX-A, 44 kDa), a major proteinaceous toxin, for theˆrst time, from the nematocysts of C. quadrigatus. CqTX-A showed lethal toxicity to crayˆsh when administered via intraperitoneal injection (LD 50 ＝80 mg W kg) and hemolytic activity toward 0.8% sheep red blood cells (ED 50 ＝ 160 ng W ml). Furthermore, we sequenced the cDNA encoding CqTX-A. The deduced amino acid sequence of CqTX-A (462 amino acids) showed 25.2% and 21.6% sequence similarity to Carybdea rastoni toxins (CrTXs) and Carybdea alata toxin-A (CrTX-A), respectively, which are Cubozoan jellyˆsh toxins.

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Section: Analysis Of Deduced Cqtx-a Amino Acid Sequencesupporting

confidence: 74%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 84%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sample Collection Samples Of the Box Jellyˆshmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sample Collection Samples Of the Box Jellyˆshmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

A Novel Protein Toxin from the Deadly Box Jellyfish (Sea Wasp, Habu-kurage)Chiropsalmus quadrigatus

Nagai¹,

Takuwa‐Kuroda²,

Nakao

et al. 2002

Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry

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Deep‐Ocean Ecosystems

Canganella

Kato

2014

Encyclopedia of Life Sciences

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The term ‘deep ocean’ typically describes any marine ecosystem located at depths higher than 500 m. This environment is characterised by an elevated hydrostatic pressure, an average temperature of 2–4 °C, the absence of sunlight and the scarce availability of organic food. Specific organisms are associated with the deepest areas, and pressure‐adapted animals as well as microorganisms inhabit these peculiar ecosystems. It is difficult to understand how we do not know much about deep sea compared to space environment, despite the fact that its distance from the ocean surface is relatively short. With no doubt, the deep‐sea biodiversity is still mostly unseen and important benefits to human health and industrial activities will be available in the future from more extensive studies on this fascinating environment. Key Concepts: The deep sea is the world's largest ecosystem. The deep‐sea biodiversity is still mostly unseen. The less diversity of animals with increasing depths is mainly due to the hydrostatic pressure, as well as to a larger competition for food coupled with a lower basal metabolism. Further insights into the natural traits of deep‐sea will lead to important benefits to human health and industrial applications. Despite the fact that the distance of deep‐sea from the ocean surface is much shorter than that between Earth and space, the abyssal environment is far to be well known.

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Cnidaria and Ctenophora–2

Kornprobst

2014

Encyclopedia of Marine Natural Products

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The article contains sections titled: Membrane Constituents and Secondary Metabolites of Hexacorallia (Anthozoa) Fatty Acids, Oxylipins, and Acetylenic Derivatives Sterols and Ecdysteroids Terpenes Carotenoids of Sea Anemones Aromatic Derivatives Ceramides and Lipidic α‐Amino Acids Examples of Nitrogenous Pigments: Zoanthoxanthins and Calliactine Palytoxins ( PTXs ) Mycosporines Betaines, Phosphobetaines, Purines, and Other Nitrogen‐Containing Derivatives Zoanthamine Alkaloids Cytolysins, Neuropeptides, and Other Venoms of Sea Anemones Venoms and Other Metabolites of Medusozoa Some Data on the Cubozoa and Other Jellyfish Bioluminescence of Jellyfish and Other Cnidaria Some Results on the Secondary Metabolites of Other Hydrozoa Ctenophora

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Novel Proteinaceous Toxins from the Box Jellyfish (Sea Wasp) Carybdea rastoni

Cited by 130 publications

References 17 publications

A Novel Protein Toxin from the Deadly Box Jellyfish (Sea Wasp, Habu-kurage)Chiropsalmus quadrigatus

A Novel Protein Toxin from the Deadly Box Jellyfish (Sea Wasp, Habu-kurage)Chiropsalmus quadrigatus

Deep‐Ocean Ecosystems

Cnidaria and Ctenophora–2

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