Novel Pt and Pd Based Core-Shell Catalysts with Critical New Issues of Heat Treatment, Stability and Durability for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells and Direct Methanol Fuel Cells

Vertically Aligned and Surface Roughed Pt Nanostructured Wire Array as High Performance Electrocatalysts for Methanol Oxidation

“…Since the indices (h k l) were either all even or all odd, it illustrated that the unit cells of the crystalline phase of these Pt nanostructured wires were identified as facecentered cubic (fcc), and it was consistent with other references. 14,19 In addition, there was a trend of increase in symmetry and sharpness of the peaks from smooth to semirough to rough Pt nanostructured wires. This indicated an increase in grain size as the deposition current density increased and the nanostructured wires became rougher.…”

“…Many electrocatalysts for methanol oxidation are based on alloying platinum (Pt) with other noble or non-noble metals, such as ruthenium (Ru), gold (Au), nickel (Ni), tin (Sn), tungsten (W), palladium (Pd), and silver (Ag), to increase the performance and endurance of the catalyst and lower the cost. ,,− Traditionally, glass carbon electrode (GCE), graphene sheets, and carbon nanotubes have been used as major support materials for direct methanol oxidation. − The support materials are coated with the active catalytic noble metals, such as Pt or Pt alloyed nanoparticles, to enhance the activity and durability of the catalyst. ,− The structure modification and alloying processes of the catalyst usually require multistep preparations, sometimes under harsh environmental conditions, such as high temperature or high pressure, which are time-consuming, energy inefficient, and difficult to handle. ,,,,, Attempts have been made to randomly disperse electrocatalytic materials on the surface of a support electrode, such as glassy carbon electrodes . However, the overlapped catalysts in two-dimensional (2D) structure and the usage of Nafion could compromise its electrocatalytic activities due to the slower molecular diffusion rate and the accumulation of side products.…”

Effects of Supports BET Surface Areas on Membrane Electrode Assembly Performance at High Current Loads

“…Both homemade and commercial catalysts of 30 wt% Pt content were chosen for this investigation. Homemade catalysts were prepared using a modified polyol method and stabilized by annealing under reducing atmosphere [34][35][36][37]. All catalyst materials used in MEA studies were thoroughly precharacterized with respect to stability and activity.…”