Novel pyridine and pyrimidine derivatives as promising anticancer agents: A review

Albratty, Mohammed; Alhazmi, Hassan A.

doi:10.1016/j.arabjc.2022.103846

Cited by 86 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…The heterocyclic six membered aromatic ring of pyrimidine contains nitrogen atoms in 1st and 3rd position. The melting and boiling temperatures of pyrimidine are 22.5 °C and 124 °C, respectively [ 113 , 114 ].…”

Section: Current Advances In Nitrogen Containing Heterocycles As Anti...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen Containing Heterocycles as Anticancer Agents: A Medicinal Chemistry Perspective

et al. 2023

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Cancer is one of the major healthcare challenges across the globe. Several anticancer drugs are available on the market but they either lack specificity or have poor safety, severe side effects, and suffer from resistance. So, there is a dire need to develop safer and target-specific anticancer drugs. More than 85% of all physiologically active pharmaceuticals are heterocycles or contain at least one heteroatom. Nitrogen heterocycles constituting the most common heterocyclic framework. In this study, we have compiled the FDA approved heterocyclic drugs with nitrogen atoms and their pharmacological properties. Moreover, we have reported nitrogen containing heterocycles, including pyrimidine, quinolone, carbazole, pyridine, imidazole, benzimidazole, triazole, β-lactam, indole, pyrazole, quinazoline, quinoxaline, isatin, pyrrolo-benzodiazepines, and pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidines, which are used in the treatment of different types of cancer, concurrently covering the biochemical mechanisms of action and cellular targets.

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Section: Current Advances In Nitrogen Containing Heterocycles As Anti...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen Containing Heterocycles as Anticancer Agents: A Medicinal Chemistry Perspective

et al. 2023

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“…25,26 Furthermore, pyridine derivatives in cancer research are promising anticancer agents since they have been shown to cure a number of vicious illnesses, such as idiopathic respiratory brosis, malignant breast cancer, and myeloid leukemia. 27 Many approved drugs such as Crizotinib, Regorafenib, Sorafenib, and Vismodegi contain pyridine nuclei as the main pharmacophore (Fig. 1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the anti-proliferative activity of 2-oxo-pyridine and 1′H-spiro-pyridine derivatives as a new class of EGFR^Wtand VEGFR-2 inhibitors with apoptotic inducers

et al. 2023

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“…Given these circumstances, the effective design of a recyclable and green catalyst that works in mild conditions is still a significant challenge for producing pyridines. Moreover, pyridine derivatives have appeared as a substantial scaffold in view of their prevalence in a considerable number of natural products and their application to biological and pharmaceutical chemistry. − In recent years, chemists have been interested in developing pyridine derivatives because of their great importance, whether in organic chemistry or in medical applications. − Moreover, they are interested to use modern techniques in organic synthesis. One-pot multicomponent reactions are the most increasing academic and ecological method because of the possibility of achieving high synthetic efficiency and reaction design. ,− In addition, it is known that multicomponent reactions (MCRs) possess many advantages, such as eco-friendly efficiency, atom economy, and reduced reaction times with increased yields, and these advantages are very important in synthetic organic chemistry, especially when the target compounds are studied in their biological evaluation. − …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Green Synthesis of Novel Pyridines via One-Pot Multicomponent Reaction and Their Anti-Inflammatory Evaluation

et al. 2023

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A functional and environmentally green procedure for the design of novel pyridine 5a – h and 7a – d derivatives through two pathways is presented. The first pathway is via a one-pot, four-component reaction of p -formylphenyl-4-toluenesulfonate ( 1 ), ethyl cyanoacetate ( 2 ), acetophenone derivatives 3a–h or acetyl derivatives 6a – d , and ammonium acetate ( 4 ) under microwave irradiation in ethanol. The advantages of this method are an excellent yield (82%–94%), pure products, a short reaction time (2–7 min), and low-cost processing. The second pathway was obtained by the traditional method with treatment of the same mixture under refluxing in ethanol, which afforded the same products, 5a – h and 7a – d , in less yield (71%–88%) and over a longer reaction time (6–9 h). The constructions of the novel compounds were articulated via spectral and elemental analysis. Overall, the compounds have been designed, synthesized, and studied for their in vitro anti-inflammatory activity using diclofenac as a reference drug (5 mg/kg). The most potent four compounds, 5a , 5f , 5g , and 5h , showed promising anti-inflammatory activity.

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Novel pyridine and pyrimidine derivatives as promising anticancer agents: A review

Cited by 86 publications

References 75 publications

Nitrogen Containing Heterocycles as Anticancer Agents: A Medicinal Chemistry Perspective

Nitrogen Containing Heterocycles as Anticancer Agents: A Medicinal Chemistry Perspective

Evaluation of the anti-proliferative activity of 2-oxo-pyridine and 1′H-spiro-pyridine derivatives as a new class of EGFR^Wtand VEGFR-2 inhibitors with apoptotic inducers

Green Synthesis of Novel Pyridines via One-Pot Multicomponent Reaction and Their Anti-Inflammatory Evaluation

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Novel pyridine and pyrimidine derivatives as promising anticancer agents: A review

Cited by 86 publications

References 75 publications

Nitrogen Containing Heterocycles as Anticancer Agents: A Medicinal Chemistry Perspective

Nitrogen Containing Heterocycles as Anticancer Agents: A Medicinal Chemistry Perspective

Evaluation of the anti-proliferative activity of 2-oxo-pyridine and 1′H-spiro-pyridine derivatives as a new class of EGFRWtand VEGFR-2 inhibitors with apoptotic inducers

Green Synthesis of Novel Pyridines via One-Pot Multicomponent Reaction and Their Anti-Inflammatory Evaluation

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Evaluation of the anti-proliferative activity of 2-oxo-pyridine and 1′H-spiro-pyridine derivatives as a new class of EGFR^Wtand VEGFR-2 inhibitors with apoptotic inducers