Novel Reassortant Influenza A(H5N8) Viruses among Inoculated Domestic and Wild Ducks, South Korea, 2014

Kang, Hyun-Mi; Lee, Eun‐Kyoung; Song, Bingbing; Jeong, Junhui; Choi, Jun‐Gu; Jeong, Joohee; Moon, Oun-Kyong; Yoon, Hachung; Cho, Youngmi; Kang, Young-Myong; Lee, Heesoo; Lee, Youn‐Jeong

doi:10.3201/eid2102.141268

Cited by 113 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…A range of outcomes of infection-from no clinical signs to severe disease-were observed in ducks i.n. inoculated with H5N8 viruses, and the mortality rates varied from 0 to 20% (27,54,69,72,73). Viral shedding and replication in tissues was high, and virus was shed for more than 5 days (72).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…inoculated with H5N8 viruses, and the mortality rates varied from 0 to 20% (27,54,69,72,73). Viral shedding and replication in tissues was high, and virus was shed for more than 5 days (72). Natural infection of domestic ducks with H5N8 has been associated with drops in egg production and a mild increase in mortality (74), and H5N8 has been detected from carcasses of wild birds, including mallards (23,32,70).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pathogenicity and Transmission of H5 and H7 Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Viruses in Mallards

Pantin‐Jackwood

Costa-Hurtado

Shepherd

et al. 2016

J Virol

105

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IMPORTANCEThe spread of H5 subtype highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses of the Gs/GD lineage by migratory waterfowl is a serious concern for animal and public health. H5 and H7 HPAI viruses are considered to be adapted to gallinaceous species (chickens, turkeys, quail, etc.) and less likely to infect and transmit in wild ducks. In order to understand why this is different with certain Gs/GD lineage H5 HPAI viruses, we compared the pathogenicity and transmission of several H5 and H7 HPAI viruses from previous poultry outbreaks to Gs/GD lineage H5 viruses, including H5N1 (clade 2.2), H5N8 and H5N2 (clade 2.3.4.4) viruses, in mallards as a representative wild duck species. Surprisingly, most HPAI viruses examined in this study replicated well and transmitted among mallards; however, the three Gs/GD lineage H5 HPAI viruses replicated to higher titers, which could explain the transmission of these viruses in susceptible wild duck populations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathogenicity and Transmission of H5 and H7 Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Viruses in Mallards

Pantin‐Jackwood

Costa-Hurtado

Shepherd

et al. 2016

J Virol

105

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“…This represented the first appearance of HPAI H5 virus in the United States since 2004 when H5N2 subtype virus was confirmed on a poultry farm in Texas (2). HPAI H5N8 viruses were first reported in duck farms in eastern China in 2010, and in early 2014 a novel reassortant H5N8 virus was detected in poultry in South Korea (3)(4)(5). The novel virus, belonging to Eurasian lineage clade 2.3.4.4 (formerly clade 2.3.4.6), subsequently spread to China, Japan, and five countries in Europe (6,7).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathogenesis and Transmission of Novel Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza H5N2 and H5N8 Viruses in Ferrets and Mice

Pulit-Penaloza

Sun

Creager

et al. 2015

J Virol

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A novel highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N8 virus, first detected in January 2014 in poultry and wild birds in South Korea, has spread throughout Asia and Europe and caused outbreaks in Canada and the United States by the end of the year. The spread of H5N8 and the novel reassortant viruses, H5N2 and H5N1 (H5Nx), in domestic poultry across multiple states in the United States pose a potential public health risk. To evaluate the potential of cross-species infection, we determined the pathogenicity and transmissibility of two Asian-origin H5Nx viruses in mammalian animal models. The newly isolated H5N2 and H5N8 viruses were able to cause severe disease in mice only at high doses. Both viruses replicated efficiently in the upper and lower respiratory tracts of ferrets; however, the clinical symptoms were generally mild, and there was no evidence of systemic dissemination of virus to multiple organs. Moreover, these influenza H5Nx viruses lacked the ability to transmit between ferrets in a direct contact setting. We further assessed viral replication kinetics of the novel H5Nx viruses in a human bronchial epithelium cell line, Calu-3. Both H5Nx viruses replicated to a level comparable to a human seasonal H1N1 virus, but significantly lower than a virulent Asian-lineage H5N1 HPAI virus. Although the recently isolated H5N2 and H5N8 viruses displayed moderate pathogenicity in mammalian models, their ability to rapidly spread among avian species, reassort, and generate novel strains underscores the need for continued risk assessment in mammals. O n 16 December 2014, the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) confirmed the presence of a novel highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N8 virus in a captive gyrfalcon and H5N2 virus in a northern pintail duck from Whatcom County, Washington (1). This represented the first appearance of HPAI H5 virus in the United States since 2004 when H5N2 subtype virus was confirmed on a poultry farm in Texas (2). HPAI H5N8 viruses were first reported in duck farms in eastern China in 2010, and in early 2014 a novel reassortant H5N8 virus was detected in poultry in South Korea (3-5). The novel virus, belonging to Eurasian lineage clade 2.3.4.4 (formerly clade 2.3.4.6), subsequently spread to China, Japan, and five countries in Europe (6, 7). In November 2014, the virus was detected on chicken and turkey farms in British Columbia, Canada, followed by Washington State, USA, the following month (8). The novel H5N8 viruses continue to spread to multiple regions and have been found in three North America flyways (Pacific, Central, and Mississippi), where wild-bird migrations occur (USDA, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service [http://www.aphis.usda.gov]). In addition, genetic reassortment with circulating North American avian influenza viruses has resulted in novel HPAI viruses, including H5N2 and H5N1 subtypes. These novel reassortant viruses carry a Eurasian-origin hemagglutinin (HA) gene genetically related to H5N8 viruses detected in South Korea in 2014 and the neura...

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“…It was first reported from turkey in 1983 Ireland. In January 2014 South Korea, avian influenza that occurred among poultry and caused enormous damage was confirmed as a H5N8 virus [10]. H5N8 viruses cause fever, respiratory problems, and conjunctivitis among poultry.…”

Section: H5n8mentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment of various avian influenza virus based on comparison using decision tree algorithm

2016

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Abstract.Recently, the world is full of anxiety about AI(Avian Influenza). Among Avian Influenza virus subtypes, H5N1 is considered the most threatening to not only birds, but also humans as numerous human cases with high mortality have been reported. Unlike H7N9, which has not been reported infect humans, H5N8 also became infectious to humans due to dramatic mutation. As human infection cases of AI have increased, numerous researchers have been trying to develop an effective treatment against them. Thus, our project group decided to analyze the similarity and difference of H5N1, H5N8, and H7N9, since it would be useful for finding effective treatment of AI, using Decision Tree Algorithm which figures out distinctive factors of given dataset for comparing protein sequences of each viruses. The comparison using Decision Tree Algorithm, which indicates correlation among H5N1, H5N8, and H7N9, will be effective on narrowing the range of attempts on developing treatment for Avian Influenza virus.

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Novel Reassortant Influenza A(H5N8) Viruses among Inoculated Domestic and Wild Ducks, South Korea, 2014

Abstract: Inoculated wild ducks showed few symptoms but transmitted H5N8 viruses to other ducks.

Cited by 113 publications

References 27 publications

Pathogenicity and Transmission of H5 and H7 Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Viruses in Mallards

Pathogenicity and Transmission of H5 and H7 Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Viruses in Mallards

Pathogenesis and Transmission of Novel Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza H5N2 and H5N8 Viruses in Ferrets and Mice

Treatment of various avian influenza virus based on comparison using decision tree algorithm

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