We thoroughly investigated the anharmonic lattice dynamics and microscopic mechanisms of the thermal and electronic transport characteristics in orthorhombic o-CsCu 5 S 3 at the atomic level. Taking into account the phonon energy shifts and the wave-like tunneling phonon channel, we predict an ultralow κ L of 0.42 w/mK at 300 K with an extremely weak temperature dependence following ∼T −0.33 . These findings agree well with experimental values along with the parallel to the Bridgman growth direction. The κ L in o-CsCu 5 S 3 is suppressed down to the amorphous limit, primarily due to the unconventional Cu−S bonding induced by the p−d hybridization antibonding state coupled with the stochastic oscillation of Cs atoms. The nonstandard temperature dependence of κ L can be traced back to the critical or dominant role of wave-like tunneling of phonon contributions in thermal transport. Moreover, the p−d hybridization of Cu(3)−S bonding results in the formation of a valence band with "pudding-mold" and high-degeneracy valleys, ensuring highly efficient electron transport characteristics. By properly adjusting the carrier concentration, excellent thermoelectric performance is achieved with a maximum thermoelectric conversion efficiency of 18.4% observed at 800 K in p-type o-CsCu 5 S 3 . Our work not only elucidates the anomalous electronic and thermal transport behavior in the copper-based chalcogenide o-CsCu 5 S 3 but also provides insights for manipulating its thermal and electronic properties for potential thermoelectric applications.