“…Therefore, improvement in the corrosion resistance of Mg alloys is essential while the mechanical properties are not compromised or even enhanced for increasing their potential applications. Alloying with non-toxic elements, such as Ca [10], Zn [11], and Si [12], to form magnesium-matrix composites (MMCs) with bioceramics of natural human bone compositions, such as hydroxylapatite (HA) [13][14][15] and β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) [16], as well as surface treatment have been widely employed to decrease the corrosion rate of Mg-based materials [17][18][19][20][21][22]. Surface modification techniques, such as physical vapor deposition (PVD) [23], alkaline heat treatment [19], micro-arc oxidation [24], electrodeposition [22,23], the sol-gel method [17,18], and magnetron sputtering [25], are effective for solving these problems.…”