Novel solutions in isotopic mass-spectrometric analysis of hydrogen-helium mixtures. How to get reliable data

Abstract

Measurements of energy transformation and dissipation in mitochondria by the calorimetric method were carried out in the second half of the last century. However, to date no specialized calorimeter has been developed for this purpose. Selection of compounds providing uncoupleted mitochondrial respiration without damaging the respiratory chain components, for use in pharmaceutical compositions of drugs, development of new neuroprotectors, nefroprotectors require precise measurements of heat release by different mitochondrial uncouplers of oxidative phosphorylation. A capillary differential nanocalorimeter for studying energy transformation and dissipation in the mitochondria has been created in the IBI RAS . The instrument meets the above requirements. The principal advantage of the nanocalorimeter is that it has thermal bridges for the thermostatingthe mitochondria injection. In the thermal bridges mitochondria acquire the desired temperature for a few seconds. Mitochondria are introduced uniformly along the entire length of the calorimeter chamber by means of a dispensing needle. This provides mixing of mitochondria with the sample without great energy consumption and thermal noise. Precision measurements of thermal power of the processes of transformation and dissipation of energy in the mitochondria are carried out at an absolute error less than 50 nW.

Practical realization and design of three-cascade prism mass analyzer for isotopic analysis of H-He mixtures using MS-platform technology

“…Relations (1) and (3) show that the correct operation of the ion-optical circuit depends only on the choice of the angle θk and Ф, as well as the capacitor arm. The angles were chosen to be the same and obtained from relation (1). This makes it possible to arrange the ion source and the receiver symmetrically on one straight line, which ensures the simplicity of the design, as well as the parallel positions of the receivers of the main and additional channels.…”

“…Precise measurement of isotopic content of H-He mixtures is important for accounting and control of tritium containing mixtures for thermonuclear energy reactors and some other applications [1]. The commercial instruments for this task are not manufactured in the world.…”