Novel sulfate solid supported binary Ru-Ir oxides for superior electrocatalytic activity towards OER and CER

Secondary Heteroatoms (S, P) Optimize the Local Coordination Environment of NiFe Sites as a Trifunctional Electrocatalyst for Overall Water Splitting and Zn–Air Batteries

“…7−10 To date, the most effective catalysts for ORR and HER have been primarily platinumbased noble metal catalysts, while ruthenium-based and iridium-based catalysts are commonly used for OER. 11,12 The high cost, poor durability, and low storage capacity of precious metal catalysts severely limit their development. Therefore, nonprecious metal catalysts have been rapidly developed due to their advantages of low cost, high efficiency, and good durability.…”

“…This has attracted worldwide attention to sustainable alternative energy sources such as solar and wind power. − However, sustainable alternative energy sources have a negative nature of intermittency, randomness, and volatility. This drives the demand for clean and sustainable energy storage and conversion technologies such as metal–air batteries, supercapacitors, and water electrolysis for hydrogen production. − However, the slow kinetics of the basic electrochemical reactions involved in these devices, such as the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), the oxygen evolution reaction (OER), and the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), have limited their development. − To date, the most effective catalysts for ORR and HER have been primarily platinum-based noble metal catalysts, while ruthenium-based and iridium-based catalysts are commonly used for OER. , The high cost, poor durability, and low storage capacity of precious metal catalysts severely limit their development. Therefore, nonprecious metal catalysts have been rapidly developed due to their advantages of low cost, high efficiency, and good durability. − …”