Novel sulfonated polysulfone ion exchange membranes for ionic polymer–metal composite actuators

Tang, Yongjun; Xue, Zhigang; Zhou, Xingping; Xie, Xiaolin; Tang, Chak Yin

doi:10.1016/j.snb.2014.06.071

Cited by 55 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…However, the excess CNF was easy to aggregate and could not be evenly dispersed in the casting solution, resulting in decreased compatibility between PSf, SPSf, and CNF; pore defects; and the formation of large voids, which led to decreased tensile strength, breaking elongation and tensile modulus. (Qu et al 2010;Li et al 2011;Tang et al 2014). Also, the excess CNF might have been washed away from the membrane during the phase inversion process.…”

Section: Mechanical Properties Of the Membranementioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and Characterization of Polysulfone/Sulfonated Polysulfone/Cellulose Nanofibers Ternary Blend Membranes

Zhong¹,

Ding²,

Li³

et al. 2015

BioResources

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Ternary blend membranes were prepared with polysulfone (PSf), sulfonated polysulfone (SPSf), and cellulose nanofibers (CNF) by a LoebSourirajan (L-S) phase inversion process. The cross-section and bottom surface morphology of the membranes were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the performance of the membranes was evaluated in terms of pure water flux, bovine serum albumin (BSA) rejection, contact angle, tensile strength, and breaking elongation. The morphology of the cellulose nanofibers (CNF) was detected by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Results showed that within a certain range, the addition of SPSf improved compatibility between PSf and CNF, and the addition of CNF could improve the hydrophilicity of the membranes. The maximum value of pure water flux reached 137.6 L/m 2 h, and the minimum value of BSA rejection reached 95.8% when CNF content was 0.3 wt% in casting solution. Also, a certain addition of CNF could enhance the mechanical properties of the membranes.

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Section: Mechanical Properties Of the Membranementioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and Characterization of Polysulfone/Sulfonated Polysulfone/Cellulose Nanofibers Ternary Blend Membranes

Zhong¹,

Ding²,

Li³

et al. 2015

BioResources

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show abstract

“…The selective transport of these ions is of central importance for muscle contraction and expansion. Up to date, Nafion and sulfonated polymers such as poly(arylene ether sulfone)s, poly(styrene)s, poly(phenyl sulfone)s, and a sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone)‐poly(vinylidene fluoride) blend have been reported in the literature as IPMC actuator materials. However, so far ion selective actuation, as natural muscles do, has not been reported in the literature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ion‐Selective Ionic Polymer Metal Composite (IPMC) Actuator Based on Crown Ether Containing Sulfonated Poly(Arylene Ether Ketone)

Taş

Zoetebier

Sukas

et al. 2016

Macro Materials & Eng

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This study introduces the concept of ion selective actuation in polymer metal composite actuators, employing crown ether bearing aromatic polyether materials. For this purpose, sulfonated poly(arylene ether ketone) (SPAEK) and crown ether containing SPAEK with molar masses suitable for membrane preparation are synthesized. The synthesized polymers are characterized using Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectroscopy, thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Ionic polymer metal composite (IPMC) actuators are fabricated by electroless chemical deposition of a platinum (Pt) layer on both sides of SPAEK and crown‐ether containing SPAEK membranes, resulting in electrode layers of around 120 nm thickness. Actuation experiments demonstrate cation specific responses and bending degrees of the IPMC actuators. Incorporation of crown ether units in the polymer backbone results in an improved and ion‐selective bending displacement compared with SPAEK actuators. S(25)C(50)PAEK actuators show an increased bending displacement of 28% for Na+ and 20% for K+ ions.

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“…Therefore, significant contributions have been made to extend the work in the area of IPMCs which are capable to replace perfluorinated polymerbased IPMCs. Various types of nonperfluorinated ionomeric materials such as kraton (KR; Inamuddin et al, 2014), sulfonated polysulfone (Tang et al, 2014), sulfonated polystyrene (Luqman et al, 2011), sulfonated poly(arylene ether sulfone) (Wiles et al, 2007), sulfonated polyetherimides (Rajagopalan et al, 2010;Rajagopalan and Oh, 2011), and sulfonated polyimides (Song et al, 2011) have been used to develop IPMC actuators. However, various critical issues are still unresolved.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study and preparation of highly water-stable polyacrylonitrile–kraton–graphene composite membrane for bending actuator toward robotic application

Inamuddin

Khan

Jain

et al. 2015

Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures

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In this article, polyacrylonitrile-kraton-graphene (PAN-KR-GR) ionomeric polymer membrane sandwiched between Pt electrode-based ionic polymer-metal composite (IPMC) actuator is developed. The aim of this study is to design and prepare multifunctional ionic polymer-metal composite membrane for robotic application. The water uptake capacity and ion exchange capacity of polyacrylonitrile-kraton-graphene ionomeric membrane is 133.33% at 45°C for 8 h of immersion and 1.4 meq g 21 of dry membrane, respectively. Proton conductivity and maximum water loss of ionic polymer-metal composite membrane is 5.26 mS cm 21 and 38% after applying 7 V for 12 min, respectively. Scanning electron micrographs shows the smooth and uniform coating of platinum (Pt). Cyclic voltammetry, linear sweep voltammetry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, X-ray diffraction, and tip displacement of PAN-KR-GR-Pt IPMC membrane are also examined. A multifinger-based gripping system for dexterous handling is developed for robotic application.

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Novel sulfonated polysulfone ion exchange membranes for ionic polymer–metal composite actuators

Cited by 55 publications

References 52 publications

Preparation and Characterization of Polysulfone/Sulfonated Polysulfone/Cellulose Nanofibers Ternary Blend Membranes

Preparation and Characterization of Polysulfone/Sulfonated Polysulfone/Cellulose Nanofibers Ternary Blend Membranes

Ion‐Selective Ionic Polymer Metal Composite (IPMC) Actuator Based on Crown Ether Containing Sulfonated Poly(Arylene Ether Ketone)

Study and preparation of highly water-stable polyacrylonitrile–kraton–graphene composite membrane for bending actuator toward robotic application

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