Novel Surface‐Active Succinate Monomers and Initiators for Obtaining Reactive Polymers

Abstract

Summary: Novel surface‐active monomers and initiators were synthesized by successive treatment of cumylsuccinic anhydride with 3‐tert‐butylperoxy‐3‐methyl‐1‐ butanol or poly(propylene glycol) acrylate and 1,3‐propane sultone with triethylamine. The surface tension isotherms on the air‐water solution interface were obtained. The critical micelle concentrations (cmc) as well as the surface tension at the cmc were determined for these substances. The complex thermal analysis of the obtained inisurf was carried out and the possible mechanism of decomposition of its peroxide group was proposed. The synthesized compounds were shown to be suitable reactive surfactants for obtaining styrene latexes.

Synthesis and Properties of Novel Surface Active Monomers Based on Derivatives of 4‐Hydroxybutyric Acid and 6‐Hydroxyhexanoic Acid

“…Stable dispersions of polymer particles with an average particle size of around 180 nm were formed during polymerization. The reported sizes of polystyrene particles resulted from emulsion polymerization vary in the range from 30 to 400 nm [31,33,61,77,78].…”

“…Utilization of peroxide-containing surfmers during emulsion or dispersion polymerization provides the location of peroxide groups onto the surface of polymeric particles directly during the polymerization process. Also this technique permits one to obtain surface active oligomers with a predictable structure containing peroxide groups as substitutes of the side chain [60,61]. This allows one to perform various polymer-analogous transformations at the surface of polymeric particles by free radical reactions of peroxide groups.…”

Bis(2-hydroxyethyl) 2-phenylsuccinate

“…In particular, succinic esters find applications in various industrial fields. For example, they are widely used as components of creams and perfumes in cosmetics [3], are used as a green plasticizer to replace phthalates [4][5][6], can be found in the main structure of polymers [7,8] and dendrimers [9], and are also employed in agrochemistry and in the food industry [2]. Even if it is possible to obtain succinic acid by fermentation [10], and the respective succinate by subsequent esterification reaction, with this methodology, only minor modifications can be made on the structure, unless long synthetic routes are employed.…”