Novel symmetrical and asymmetrical disaryl hydrazono sulphur-containing direct dyes as possible alternatives for benzidine-based dyestuffs

The Need for, and the Role of the Toxicological Chemist in the Design of Safer Chemicals

“…The elucidation of the biochemical basis of carcinogenicity of aromatic amines, and the identification of structural modifications that reduce or mitigate the carcinogenic and other toxicities of aromatic amines have enabled a more specific biochemical-based approach to develop safer aromatic amines and derivatives thereof (Lai, et al, 1996). This is especially true in the colorant industry, and considerable progress has been made within the past 10 years on the development of safer azo-based dyes (Bae, et al, 2002 and2006;Hinks, et al, 2000;Bello, et al, 2000;Sokolowska, et al, 2001;Szymczyk, et al, 2007;Sun, et al, 2007;Hanna, et al, 2007;Wang, et al, 2007a and2007b). Much of this progress has been reported by the research group of Harold S. Freeman of North Carolina State University, and is focused on the identification of safer benzidine derivatives, or safer substitutes for benzidines.…”

The structural characterization and DNA binding of pyridyl-azo-acetylacetonato complexes of zinc(II), cadmium(II) and mercury(II)

“…Over the past few years, an intensive effort has been focused to develop metal-based drugs with improved clinical effectiveness, reduced toxicity and broader spectrum of activity than that of cisplatin [7,8]. Heterocyclic compounds have valuable properties such as chemotherapeutic agents [3], dyestuffs [9,10], co-polymer [11] etc. Metallo-heterocycles (metal complexes of heterocycles) develop exciting chemistry and have been used in catalysis, redox reactions, photoactivity, organic synthesis, drugs etc.…”