Novel synthesis and properties of hydrogen-free detonation nanodiamond

Бацанов, С. С.; Осавчук, А. Н.; Naumov, Stepan P.; Гаврилкин, С. М.; Leskov, A. S.; Mendis, Budhika G.; Beeby, Andrew; Batsanov, Andrei S.

doi:10.1016/j.matchemphys.2018.05.072

Cited by 18 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Direct gas phase nucleation and growth, similar to chemical vapor deposition, of nano-onions is also unlikely given the small change in the particle diameter size distribution observed over early times from the Guinier knee analysis (~9 nm to ~10 nm). Finally, the prompt solidification at t ~ 200 ns also limits the viability of a nucleation and growth model often invoked for detonation nanodiamond production 1,2 , at least for high detonation temperature explosives such as BTF 37 . Further experimental work and/or simulations are needed to elucidate the early stages of liquid carbon droplet formation in these materials.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detonation synthesis of carbon nano-onions via liquid carbon condensation

et al. 2019

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Transit through the carbon liquid phase has significant consequences for the subsequent formation of solid nanocarbon detonation products. We report dynamic measurements of liquid carbon condensation and solidification into nano-onions over ∽200 ns by analysis of time-resolved, small-angle X-ray scattering data acquired during detonation of a hydrogen-free explosive, DNTF (3,4-bis(3-nitrofurazan-4-yl)furoxan). Further, thermochemical modeling predicts a direct liquid to solid graphite phase transition for DNTF products ~200 ns post-detonation. Solid detonation products were collected and characterized by high-resolution electron microscopy to confirm the abundance of carbon nano-onions with an average diameter of ∽10 nm, matching the dynamic measurements. We analyze other carbon-rich explosives by similar methods to systematically explore different regions of the carbon phase diagram traversed during detonation. Our results suggest a potential pathway to the efficient production of carbon nano-onions, while offering insight into the phase transformation kinetics of liquid carbon under extreme pressures and temperatures.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detonation synthesis of carbon nano-onions via liquid carbon condensation

et al. 2019

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“…In freshly prepared F-DNDs, one H atom is present per 430 ± 30 C atoms. Alternative approaches would be to reduce the fraction of H by deuteration or modification of conditions of its production [ 15 ]. However, we focus on fluorination due to its efficiency and universality.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clustering of Diamond Nanoparticles, Fluorination and Efficiency of Slow Neutron Reflectors

et al. 2021

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Neutrons can be an instrument or an object in many fields of research. Major efforts all over the world are devoted to improving the intensity of neutron sources and the efficiency of neutron delivery for experimental installations. In this context, neutron reflectors play a key role because they allow significant improvement of both economy and efficiency. For slow neutrons, Detonation NanoDiamond (DND) powders provide exceptionally good reflecting performance due to the combination of enhanced coherent scattering and low neutron absorption. The enhancement is at maximum when the nanoparticle diameter is close to the neutron wavelength. Therefore, the mean nanoparticle diameter and the diameter distribution are important. In addition, DNDs show clustering, which increases their effective diameters. Here, we report on how breaking agglomerates affects clustering of DNDs and the overall reflector performance. We characterize DNDs using small-angle neutron scattering, X-ray diffraction, scanning and transmission electron microscopy, neutron activation analysis, dynamical light scattering, infra-red light spectroscopy, and others. Based on the results of these tests, we discuss the calculated size distribution of DNDs, the absolute cross-section of neutron scattering, the neutron albedo, and the neutron intensity gain for neutron traps with DND walls.

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“…In analogy to UCNs, the phenomenon of efficient reflection of neutrons from DND powder could be used for the definition of the range of velocities/energies of VCNs. Potential applications of these phenomena in neutron technology, as well as the beauty and complexity of the phenomena themselves, motivate active experimental and theoretical research in this area [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Particle Sizes on the Efficiency of Fluorinated Nanodiamond Neutron Reflectors

et al. 2021

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Over a decade ago, it was confirmed that detonation nanodiamond (DND) powders reflect very cold neutrons (VCNs) diffusively at any incidence angle and that they reflect cold neutrons quasi-specularly at small incidence angles. In the present publication, we report the results of a study on the effect of particle sizes on the overall efficiency of neutron reflectors made of DNDs. To perform this study, we separated, by centrifugation, the fraction of finer DND nanoparticles (which are referred to as S-DNDs here) from a broad initial size distribution and experimentally and theoretically compared the performance of such a neutron reflector with that from deagglomerated fluorinated DNDs (DF-DNDs). Typical commercially available DNDs with the size of ~4.3 nm are close to the optimum for VCNs with a typical velocity of ~50 m/s, while smaller and larger DNDs are more efficient for faster and slower VCN velocities, respectively. Simulations show that, for a realistic reflector geometry, the replacement of DF-DNDs (a reflector with the best achieved performance) by S-DNDs (with smaller size DNDs) increases the neutron albedo in the velocity range above ~60 m/s. This increase in the albedo results in an increase in the density of faster VCNs in such a reflector cavity of up to ~25% as well as an increase in the upper boundary of the velocities of efficient VCN reflection.

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Novel synthesis and properties of hydrogen-free detonation nanodiamond

Cited by 18 publications

References 53 publications

Detonation synthesis of carbon nano-onions via liquid carbon condensation

Detonation synthesis of carbon nano-onions via liquid carbon condensation

Clustering of Diamond Nanoparticles, Fluorination and Efficiency of Slow Neutron Reflectors

Effect of Particle Sizes on the Efficiency of Fluorinated Nanodiamond Neutron Reflectors

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