Novel Synthesis of Nitrogen-Containing Bio-Phenol Resin and Its Molten Salt Activation of Porous Carbon for Supercapacitor Electrode

Ai, Tao; Wang, Zhe; Zhang, Haoran; Hong, Feng-hua; Yan, Xin; Su, Xinhua

doi:10.3390/ma12121986

Cited by 18 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Resorcinol/formaldehyde xerogels can be converted to activated carbon (Resorcinol/formaldehyde xerogel activated carbon, RFX-AC) that has hierarchical pore structures ranging from micropores to macropores [1,2,3], which gives it an advantage over single-sized porous materials [4]. On one hand, the large macropores improve permeability and ion diffusion; and on the other hand, the mesopores create low resistance pathways through the material matrix.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Chitosan’s Addition to Resorcinol/Formaldehyde Xerogels on the Characteristics of Resultant Activated Carbon

Awadallah‐F

Al‐Muhtaseb

2019

Materials

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Hybrid chitosan-resorcinol/formaldehyde xerogels were synthesized, and the effect of including minor quantities of chitosan on the consequent activated carbon was investigated. The resulting activated carbon were characterized by different techniques. Clear changes were found in the structure of activated carbon as a result of including chitosan in the synthesis. The results showed that the disorder ratio of crystal lattice decreased from 0.750 to 0.628 when increasing the concentration of chitosan from 0 to 0.037 wt%. The micropores increased from ~0.3% to ~1.0%, mesopores increased from ~11.2% to ~32.9% and macropores decreased from ~88.4% to ~66.1%. The total pore volume decreased from 1.040 to 0.238 cm3/g and the total pore surface area decreased from 912.3 to 554.4 m2/g. On the other hand, the average pore width decreased from 2.3 to 0.8 nm and the average particle size decreased from 224 to 149 nm. Nano-scale Scanning Electron Microscope (NanoSEM) morphology indicated a critical composition of chitosan (0.022 wt%) that affects the structure and thermal stability of activated carbon produced.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Chitosan’s Addition to Resorcinol/Formaldehyde Xerogels on the Characteristics of Resultant Activated Carbon

Awadallah‐F

Al‐Muhtaseb

2019

Materials

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“…Meanwhile, the doped O, N, and P enable an enhanced electron-donating capacity of the carbon skeleton and improve the electrochemical performance by providing pseudocapacitance. As shown in Table , ONPC-700 is comparable to some other porous carbons when it is used as electrodes for supercapacitors. ,− …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Chitosan-Based Synthesis of O, N, and P Codoped Hierarchical Porous Carbon as Electrode Materials for Supercapacitors

Zhang

et al. 2021

Energy Fuels

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Reasonable porous structure and proper heteroatom doping have great influences on electrode materials for supercapacitors. Herein, O, N, and P codoped hierarchical porous carbon (ONPC) was synthesized through a one-pot carbonization−activation strategy by using chitosan as the carbon precursor, phosphoric acid as the activator, and melamine foam as the skeleton. The use of melamine foam facilitated the formation of an interconnected carbon framework and introduced more nitrogen functional groups. Owing to the hierarchical pore structure, large surface area (1588 m 2 g −1 ), and significant heteroatom contents of O (8.61%), N (7.95%), and P (1.34%) in the carbon matrix, the 700 °C carbonized sample ONPC-700 had a specific capacitance of 230 F g −1 at 0.2 A g −1 . A high energy density of 7.5 Wh kg −1 at 100 W kg −1 was achieved for the supercapacitor fabricated with two identical ONPC-700 electrodes. Furthermore, the capacitance retention of the device was evaluated to be as high as 86.53% after 8000 cycles.

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“…Furthermore, even at a high-power density (6.0 kW kg −1 ), the energy density remains at 7.0 Wh kg −1 . This high energy density makes NSPC/1.2 symmetric supercapacitor comparable to other carbon-based materials for supercapacitors in alkaline electrolytes (Shao et al, 2017;Wang et al, 2018;Yang et al, 2018;Zhang D. et al, 2019;Zhang X. et al, 2019;Li et al, 2019;Shang et al, 2019;Gong et al, 2020;Fan et al, 2021;Jiang et al, 2021;Zhuang et al, 2021;Dhakal et al, 2022;Han et al, 2022), and the main performance parameters are compared in Supplementary Table S4. These results confirm the feasibility of phenolic wastewater-derived carbon materials for energy storage applications.…”

Section: Electrochemical Performance Of Nspc Symmetric Supercapacitormentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-doped N, S porous carbon from semi-coking wastewater-based phenolic resin for supercapacitor electrodes

Yan

Wang²,

Wang³

et al. 2022

Front. Chem.

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Contamination of phenolic compounds has devastating effects on the environment. Therefore, its harmless treatment and recycling have received extensive attention. Herein, a novel method for preparing N-S doped phenolic resin (NSPR) from phenols, N and S groups in semi-coking wastewater, and formaldehyde are developed. The KOH is consequently incorporated into the NSPR through simultaneous carbonization and activation in a single step to produce porous carbon material (NSPC). The as-obtained NSPC exhibits a high specific capacitance of 182 F g−1 at 0.5 A g−1, a high energy density of 9.1 Wh kg−1 at a power density of 0.15 kW kg−1, and remarkable cycling stability in aqueous KOH electrolyte. This outstanding electrochemical performance is attributed to its ultrahigh specific surface area (SSA, 2,523 m2 g−1), enormous total pore volume (Vt, 1.30 cm3 g−1), rational pore structure, and N-S heteroatom self-doping (0.76 at% N and 0.914 at% S), which ensures adequate charge storage, rapid electrolyte ion diffusion, and contributed pseudo-capacitance. This work not only provides a facile method for transforming phenolic wastewater into high-value products but also offers a cost-effective and high-performance porous carbon material for supercapacitors.

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Novel Synthesis of Nitrogen-Containing Bio-Phenol Resin and Its Molten Salt Activation of Porous Carbon for Supercapacitor Electrode

Cited by 18 publications

References 29 publications

The Effect of Chitosan’s Addition to Resorcinol/Formaldehyde Xerogels on the Characteristics of Resultant Activated Carbon

The Effect of Chitosan’s Addition to Resorcinol/Formaldehyde Xerogels on the Characteristics of Resultant Activated Carbon

Chitosan-Based Synthesis of O, N, and P Codoped Hierarchical Porous Carbon as Electrode Materials for Supercapacitors

Self-doped N, S porous carbon from semi-coking wastewater-based phenolic resin for supercapacitor electrodes

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