Novel Synthesis of Stable Polypyrrole Nanospheres Using Ozone

Abstract

In this study, a novel and exceedingly simple method for the aqueous synthesis of stable, unagglomerated polypyrrole nanospheres was investigated. The method is template- and surfactant-free and uses only pyrrole monomer, water, and ozone. When the monomer concentration, exposure time to ozone, and temperature were varied, it was determined that the temperature was the critical factor controlling the particle size through particle size measurements via dynamic light scattering and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). From the particle size measurements, a particle size distribution with a number-weighted mean diameter of 73 nm and a standard deviation of 18 nm was achieved. The particles were also investigated using ζ-potential measurements, ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis in an effort to determine the identity of the nanoparticles as well as the mechanism by which the nanoparticles are formed and stabilized.

Radiolytic Method as a Novel Approach for the Synthesis of Nanostructured Conducting Polypyrrole

“…This is characteristic of the π−π* transition of PPy materials with higher molecular weight. 36 from the presence of a black suspension in the medium as observed in Figure 3 (image b). This suspension becomes denser and the solution appears more turbid as the irradiation dose increases.…”

Template free method for the synthesis of Ag–PPy core–shell nanospheres with inherent colloidal stability

“…The stability was attributed to the hydrophilic overoxidized pyrrole oligomers in the outermost part of the nanospheres [28]. The C O, C OH, COO − groups were also observed in the XPS analysis to support this argument (Fig.…”

“…This thought process was explored to synthesize CSNs of silver and PPy. We have previously reported the use of ozone in the synthesis of uniform aqueous dispersion of PPy nanospheres [28]. The silver nitrate concentration was varied from 0.01 to 0.06 M, at 0.1 M concentration of pyrrole and 60 s of ozone exposure ( Table 1).…”

“…Previously, we have synthesized stable dispersions of PPy nanospheres, with uniform morphology and narrow size distribution, using ozone oxidation [28]. Here, we present the template free synthesis of core-shell nanospheres (CSNs) of silver/PPy with the core as silver and the shell as PPy utilizing simple ozone oxidation.…”

Chemical synthesis of hollow sea urchin like nanostructured polypyrrole particles through a core–shell redox mechanism using a MnO2 powder as oxidizing agent and sacrificial nanostructured template

“…Furthermore, nanostructured conducting polymers such as nanoparticles [10,11], nanofibres [12,13], nanotubes [14] and nanowires [15][16][17] have received great attention, mainly for their promising applications in batteries, conducting paints, chemical and electrochemical sensors, and field emission applications [7,[18][19][20]. Polypyrrole (PPy) is one of the most investigated conducting polymers as a consequence of its high electrical conductivity, relatively good stability in air, low toxicity and simple preparation [7,8,[21][22][23][24].…”