Novel Synthesized Nanofibrous Scaffold Efficiently Delivered hBMP-2 Encoded in Adenoviral Vector to Promote Bone Regeneration

Materials promoting viral gene delivery

“…This technique was able to cover more than 80% of the bone defects that could not be repaired in the control groups within eight weeks. 215 Another electrospinning approach coated oncolytic vaccinia virus onto PLGA nanofibers to maintain their antitumor activity at the tumor tissue site. 216 Furthermore, melt-processing was reported as a solvent-and additive-free approach for fabrication of PLGA-VP scaffolds.…”

“…Various material classes which have the potential for application in medical formulations are currently investigated in preclinical studies. For example, in vivo studies in animals utilized materials like PLGA, 133,155,215,216 PEG, 163,181,283 PEI, 208 poloxamers, 160,229,231,232,238,239 dendrimers, 116,251,253 polysaccharides, 258,259,262,265 gelatin, 385,386 collagen, 126 fibrin, 374 human serum albumin, 375,377 calcium carbonate, 454 gold nanorods, 454 silica implants, 128 graphene, 481 magnetic NPs, 491,501,505 and small molecules. 517,518,523 Commercially available kits make transduction enhancers more broadly available and are thus attractive tools for use in research.…”

Fabrication of PCL Scaffolds by Supercritical CO2 Foaming Based on the Combined Effects of Rheological and Crystallization Properties

“…Polycaprolactone (PCL), a semi-crystalline polyester with outstanding mechanical properties, favorable biocompatibility and proper degradability, is widely applied as a promising biomedical material, especially for tissue engineering [1][2][3][4]. In tissue engineering, the scaffold is considered as a structural template that provides an ideal environment for the adhesion, proliferation, differentiation and migration of cells.…”

“…To achieve these biological functions, previous works have generally recommended that ideal scaffolds should have macropores (100-1000 µm), as well as high interconnectivity as possible [5,6]. Numerous methods have been developed to fabricate porous structures, including solution casting/salt leaching, electrospinning [1,2], freeze drying [3], phase separation [4,7] and 3D printing [8]. However, these methods possess some limitations, such as the use of organic solvents, which are nearly impossible to remove completely after scaffolds being fabricated, and/or elevated temperature, which always results in accelerating polymer degradation [9].…”

Hybrid scaffolds of Mg alloy mesh reinforced polymer/extracellular matrix composite for critical-sized calvarial defect reconstruction

“…A broad variety of scaffolds aimed at improving osteogenic regenerative capacity have been developed, including porous ceramics/bioactive glasses (e.g., calcium phosphate [Zhang et al, ], magnesium phosphate [Kim, Lim, Naren, Yun, & Park, ], and calcium silicate bioactive ceramics [EI‐Rashidy et al, ; Nommeots‐Nomm et al, ]), membranes (multilayered graphene hydrogel composite membranes [Lu et al, ], nanocomposite membranes [Zhang, Zhang, et al, ], and others), hydrogels (nanosilver/nanosilica hydrogels [Zhang, Guo, et al, ; Zhang, Liu, et al, ; Zhang, Xu, et al, ; Zhang, Zhang, et al, ], chitin nanofibre/calcium phosphate hydrogels [Kawata et al, ], and chitosan/hydroxyapatite hybrid hydrogels [Li, Wang, et al, ]), composites (chitosan‐copper scaffolds [D'Mello et al, ], porous polymer/hydroxyapatite composites [Fujihara, Kotaki, & Ramakrishna, ; Zhang, Guo, et al, ; Zhang, Liu, et al, ; Zhang, Xu, et al, ; Zhang, Zhang, et al, ]), nanofibrous scaffolds (Li, Chu, et al, ; Li, Wang, et al, ; Li, Zhou, et al, ; Zhu et al, ), and others (Inzana et al, ; Shi, Wang, et al, ; Seo, Koh, & Song, ). Among these options, nano/micro fibrous scaffolds are readily fabricated using electrospinning technology that has been explored extensively in the biomaterials literature over the past decade (Shin, Purevdorj, Castano, Planell, & Kim, ).…”