Novel thermodynamic and kinetic investigation of ammonium carbamate decomposition into urea and water

Claudel, B.; Brousse, E.; Shehadeh, G.

doi:10.1016/0040-6031(86)85344-8

Cited by 39 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…The basic chemistry employed in the process is the reverse of that employed in industrial production of urea from ammonia and carbon dioxide and employs two reaction steps as follows [16][17][18] …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetic studies on hydrolysis of urea in a semi-batch reactor at atmospheric pressure for safe use of ammonia in a power plant for flue gas conditioning

Mahalik

Sahu

Patwardhan

et al. 2010

Journal of Hazardous Materials

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetic studies on hydrolysis of urea in a semi-batch reactor at atmospheric pressure for safe use of ammonia in a power plant for flue gas conditioning

Mahalik

Sahu

Patwardhan

et al. 2010

Journal of Hazardous Materials

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“…All the computations are carried out until the desired convergence criteria are satisfied (residues less than 10 -6 ). The model developed through simulation helps to determine the dependency of the reaction on its parameters [35][36][37]. Although the assumptions in the model tend towards the ideal side, it is still possible to predict the nature of the reaction and the changes in accordance to the variation in the reaction parameters.…”

Section: Cfd Simulations: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The overall reaction is endothermic. The first reaction, i.e., urea to ammonium carbamate, is a slow reaction whereas the second one is very fast and goes towards completion [36,37].…”

Section: Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

Computational Fluid Dynamics Modeling for Urea Hydrolysis in a Batch Reactor for Flue Gas Conditioning

Sahu¹,

Hussain²,

Meikap³

2011

Chem Eng & Technol

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A computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model is proposed to simulate urea hydrolysis for ammonia synthesis as a safe feed stock to flue gas conditioning in thermal power plants. A series of parametric studies to investigate flow rates, thermal boundary conditions, and reactor geometry was performed and operating conditions and reactor geometry were optimized. Detailed 3D flow, heat, and chemistry simulations of ammonia were carried out with predicted conversions comparable to measurements and the dependence of the experiments on the reaction parameters was evaluated. Through simulation under the same conditions the output was generated and compared to the experimental plot. Profiles of temperature and flow patterns were successfully achieved through simulation.

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“…The overall reaction is endothermic and the first reaction, i.e., urea to ammonium carbamate reaction, is a slow reaction and the second reaction is very fast and goes towards completion [29][30][31][32][33].…”

Section: Experimental Setup and Techniquementioning

confidence: 99%

Studies on the hydrolysis of urea for production of ammonia and modeling for flow characterization in presence of stirring in a batch reactor using computational fluid dynamics

Sahu

Hussain

Meikap

2011

Korean J. Chem. Eng.

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Ammonia is a highly volatile noxious material with adverse physiological effects, which becomes intolerable even at very low concentrations and presents substantial environmental and operating hazards and risk. But ammonia has long been known to be useful in the treatment of flue gases from the fossil fuel combustion process, such as in industrial furnaces, incinerators and coal-fired electric power generating plants. The present study is concerned with the methods and means to safely produce relatively small amount (i.e., up to 50 kg/hour) of ammonia. Current study involves experimental investigation for hydrolysis of urea for production of ammonia in a batch reactor at different temperature ranging from 110 o C to 180 o C against different initial feed concentration (10, 20, and 30 wt%) with different stirring speed ranging from 400 rpm to 1,400 rpm. Three-dimensional geometry and meshing of reactor is created in Gambit, a preprocessor of the commercial software, Fluent, for hydrodynamic study.

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Novel thermodynamic and kinetic investigation of ammonium carbamate decomposition into urea and water

Cited by 39 publications

References 3 publications

Kinetic studies on hydrolysis of urea in a semi-batch reactor at atmospheric pressure for safe use of ammonia in a power plant for flue gas conditioning

Kinetic studies on hydrolysis of urea in a semi-batch reactor at atmospheric pressure for safe use of ammonia in a power plant for flue gas conditioning

Computational Fluid Dynamics Modeling for Urea Hydrolysis in a Batch Reactor for Flue Gas Conditioning

Studies on the hydrolysis of urea for production of ammonia and modeling for flow characterization in presence of stirring in a batch reactor using computational fluid dynamics

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